ArticleClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2019
The Path to Group A Streptococcus Vaccines: World Health Organization Research and Development Technology Roadmap and Preferred Product Characteristics.
Article in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 95 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
95 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- The epidemiology of superficial Streptococcal A (impetigo and pharyngitis) infections in Australia: A systematic review.PloS one · 2023Pooled it
- Invasive group A streptococcal disease in pregnant women and young children: a systematic review and meta-analysis.The Lancet. Infectious diseases · 2022Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Streptococcus pyogenes Colonization in Children Aged 24-59 Months in the Gambia: Impact of Live Attenuated Influenza Vaccine and Associated Serological Responses.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2023Trial
- GMMA as adjuvant and carrier for mucosal delivery of group A streptococcus glycoconjugate vaccine.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Article
- Tracing the recent evolution of Group AEmerging microbes & infections · 2026Review
- A staged clinical development and evidence-generation framework for Group A Streptococcus vaccines.NPJ vaccines · 2026Review
- Global vaccine development.Nature medicine · 2026Review
- Rational selection of antigenic targets for Group A Streptococcus vaccine: updates, challenges and opportunities.NPJ vaccines · 2026Review
- Biosynthesis and Immunological Evaluation of a Dual-Antigen Nanoconjugate Vaccine Targeting Group A Streptococcus.Vaccines · 2026Article
- Group A Streptococcal Virulence Factors and Vaccine Development-An Update.Microorganisms · 2026Review
- Global, Regional, and Future Predictions of Cardiovascular Disease Burden Among Women of Childbearing Age: A Systematic Analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 1990-2021.International journal of women's health · 2026Article
- T cells in Group AFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Review
- Multi-country surveillance of paediatric invasive group AEuro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2025Article
- Early-life serological profiles and the development of natural protective humoral immunity to Streptococcus pyogenes in a high-burden setting.Nature medicine · 2025Article
- Household Molecular Epidemiology of Streptococcus pyogenes Carriage and Infection in The Gambia.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2025Observational
- Targeting Streptococcus pyogenes atpF protein for multi-epitope vaccine development: a genomics-driven immunoinformatics strategy.Journal, genetic engineering & biotechnology · 2025Article
- Group A Streptococcus among American Indian Persons, White Mountain Apache Tribal Lands, United States, 2016-2019Emerging infectious diseases · 2025Article
- An mRNA vaccine encoding five conserved Group A Streptococcus antigens.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Evaluation of Peptide-Based Vaccines AgainstVaccines · 2025Article
35 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Group A Streptococcus (GAS) infections result in a considerable underappreciated burden of acute and chronic disease globally. A 2018 World Health Assembly resolution calls for better control and prevention. Providing guidance on global health research needs is an important World Health Organization (WHO) activity, influencing prioritization of investments. Here, the role, status, and directions in GAS vaccines research are discussed. WHO preferred product characteristics and a research and development technology roadmap, briefly presented, offer an actionable framework for vaccine development to regulatory and policy decision making, availability, and use. GAS vaccines should be considered for global prevention of the range of clinical manifestations and associated antibiotic use. Impediments related to antigen diversity, safety concerns, and the difficulty to establish vaccine efficacy against rheumatic heart disease are discussed. Demonstration of vaccine efficacy against pharyngitis and skin infections constitutes a key near-term strategic goal. Investments and collaborative partnerships to diversify and advance vaccine candidates are needed.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.