ArticleThe American journal of clinical nutrition2019
Association of usual 24-h sodium excretion with measures of adiposity among adults in the United States: NHANES, 2014.
Article in The American journal of clinical nutrition, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Further evidence that methods based on spot urine samples should not be used to examine sodium-disease relationships from the Science of Salt: A regularly updated systematic review of salt and health outcomes (November 2018 to August 2019).Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) · 2020Pooled it
- Dietary Sodium Intake and Health Indicators: A Systematic Review of Published Literature between January 2015 and December 2019.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2020Pooled it
- Response to comment on "Sodium, potassium and blood pressure in Australian schoolchildren: exploring differences by sex and weight status-a cross-sectional study".Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2026Article
- Association Between Salt Intake and Body Adiposity in Chinese Population: A Repeated-Measures Cohort Study.Nutrients · 2026Observational
- High salt intake and its dual impact on obesity and cardiovascular mortality in individuals over 50: a paradoxical relationship.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Healthy lifestyle practice correlates with decreased obesity prevalence in individuals with high polygenic risk: TMM CommCohort study.Journal of human genetics · 2025Article
- The association between dietary sodium intake and obesity in adults by sodium intake assessment methods: a review of systematic reviews and re-meta-analysis.Nutrition research and practice · 2023Review
- Associations of dietary antioxidant micronutrients with the prevalence of obesity in adults.Frontiers in nutrition · 2023Article
- Urinary Sodium Excretion and Obesity Markers among Bangladeshi Adult Population: Pooled Data from Three Cohort Studies.Nutrients · 2022Article
- Sodium intake, life expectancy, and all-cause mortality.European heart journal · 2021Observational
- Association between dietary sodium intake and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in the US population.Public health nutrition · 2021Article
- Association of Usual Sodium Intake with Obesity Among US Children and Adolescents, NHANES 2009-2016.Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 2021Article
- Higher Sodium Intake Assessed by 24 Hour Urinary Sodium Excretion Is Associated with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: The PREVEND Cohort Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2019Article
- Salt intake and prevalence of overweight/obesity in Japan, China, the United Kingdom, and the United States: the INTERMAP Study.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2019Article
- The Influence of Dietary Salt Beyond Blood Pressure.Current hypertension reports · 2019Review
- Insight Into Differences in Dietary Sodium Adherence Between Men and Women With Heart Failure.The Journal of cardiovascular nursingArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Both excessive sodium intake and obesity are risk factors for hypertension and cardiovascular disease. The association between sodium intake and obesity is unclear, with few studies assessing sodium intake using 24-h urine collection. Objectives: Our objective was to assess the association between usual 24-h sodium excretion and measures of adiposity among US adults. Methods: Cross-sectional data were analyzed from a sample of 730 nonpregnant participants aged 20-69 y who provided up to 2 complete 24-h urine specimens in the NHANES 2014 and had data on overweight or obesity [body mass index (kg/m2) ≥25] and central adiposity [waist circumference (WC): >88 cm for women, >102 cm for men]. Measurement error models were used to estimate usual sodium excretion, and multiple linear and logistic regression models were used to assess its associations with measures of adiposity, adjusting for sociodemographic, health, and dietary variables [i.e., energy intake or sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) intake]. All analyses accounted for the complex survey sample design. Results: Unadjusted mean ± SE usual sodium excretion was 3727 ± 43.5 mg/d and 3145 ± 55.0 mg/d among participants with and without overweight/obesity and 3653 ± 58.1 mg/d and 3443 ± 35.3 mg/d among participants with or without central adiposity, respectively. A 1000-mg/d higher sodium excretion was significantly associated with 3.8-units higher BMI (95% CI: 2.8, 4.8) and a 9.2-cm greater WC (95% CI: 6.9, 11.5 cm) adjusted for covariates. Compared with participants in the lowest quartile of sodium excretion, the adjusted prevalence ratios in the highest quartile were 1.93 (95% CI: 1.69, 2.20) for overweight/obesity and 2.07 (95% CI: 1.74, 2.46) for central adiposity. The associations also were significant when adjusting for SSBs, instead of energy, in models. Conclusions: Higher usual sodium excretion is associated with overweight/obesity and central adiposity among US adults.
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