ArticleThe Permanente journal2019
Cannabidiol in Anxiety and Sleep: A Large Case Series.
Article in The Permanente journal, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 149 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
149 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 415 citations in OpenAlex.
- Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer (MASCC) guidelines: cannabis for psychological symptoms including insomnia, anxiety, and depression.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2023Pooled it
- Cannabinoids in the Treatment of Insomnia Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.CNS drugs · 2020Pooled it
- Medicinal cannabis for psychiatric disorders: a clinically-focused systematic review.BMC psychiatry · 2020Pooled it
- The Effects of an Acute Dose of Cannabidiol on Health and Two-Mile Time Trial Performance-A Pilot Study.Nutrients · 2025Trial
- Pilot Study of Cannabidiol for Treatment of Aromatase Inhibitor-Associated Musculoskeletal Symptoms in Breast Cancer.Cancer medicine · 2025Trial
- Effects of a cannabidiol/terpene formulation on sleep in individuals with insomnia: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized, crossover study.Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2025Trial
- The effects of a brand-specific, hemp-derived cannabidiol product on physiological, biochemical, and psychometric outcomes in healthy adults: a double-blind, randomized clinical trial.Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2024Trial
- Cannabidiol for moderate-severe insomnia: a randomized controlled pilot trial of 150 mg of nightly dosing.Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2024Trial
- Cannabidiol as an Alternative Analgesic for Acute Dental Pain.Journal of dental research · 2024Trial
- Evaluation of the efficacy and safety of cannabidiol-rich cannabis extract in children with autism spectrum disorder: randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled clinical trial.Trends in psychiatry and psychotherapy · 2024Trial
- Cannabis and Cannabinoids: The Medical Potential of Cannabidiol in Mental and Neurological Disorders.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Substitution of Cannabis for Prescribed Medications in the Management of Anxiety and Depression Among Midlife Women: A Cross-Sectional Study.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Cannabidiol Use in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Insights From a Gastroenterology Outpatient Population.JGH open : an open access journal of gastroenterology and hepatology · 2026Article
- The effects of tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabidiol on sleep in cancer patients.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2026Article
- Phase II randomized controlled trial comparing traditional Thai cannabis-based medicine with lorazepam for insomnia treatment.Journal of cannabis research · 2026Article
- Cannabidiol mitigates high-fat-diet-induced early-stage inflammation in two adipose tissue fat depots of Wistar rats.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Endocannabinoid system modulation in bruxism: a neurobiological hypothesis and translational model of ECS-targeted intervention.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2026Article
- Quality by Design-Driven Formulation Development of Cannabidiol Orally Disintegrating Tablets.Scientifica · 2026Article
- Assessing patient perceptions of off-label cannabidiol use for insomnia through sentiment analysis.Journal of cannabis research · 2025Article
- Cannabidiol in Sports: A Brazilian Perspective.ACS pharmacology & translational science · 2025Article
89 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
contextCannabidiol (CBD) is one of many cannabinoid compounds found in cannabis. It does not appear to alter consciousness or trigger a "high." A recent surge in scientific publications has found preclinical and clinical evidence documenting value for CBD in some neuropsychiatric disorders, including epilepsy, anxiety, and schizophrenia. Evidence points toward a calming effect for CBD in the central nervous system. Interest in CBD as a treatment of a wide range of disorders has exploded, yet few clinical studies of CBD exist in the psychiatric literature.
objectiveTo determine whether CBD helps improve sleep and/or anxiety in a clinical population.
designA large retrospective case series at a psychiatric clinic involving clinical application of CBD for anxiety and sleep complaints as an adjunct to usual treatment. The retrospective chart review included monthly documentation of anxiety and sleep quality in 103 adult patients.
main outcome measuresSleep and anxiety scores, using validated instruments, at baseline and after CBD treatment.
resultsThe final sample consisted of 72 adults presenting with primary concerns of anxiety (n = 47) or poor sleep (n = 25). Anxiety scores decreased within the first month in 57 patients (79.2%) and remained decreased during the study duration. Sleep scores improved within the first month in 48 patients (66.7%) but fluctuated over time. In this chart review, CBD was well tolerated in all but 3 patients.
conclusionCannabidiol may hold benefit for anxiety-related disorders. Controlled clinical studies are needed.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.