ReviewCell death and differentiation2019
To NET or not to NET:current opinions and state of the science regarding the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps.
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In one paragraph
Review in Cell death and differentiation, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 275 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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275citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
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Who cites it
275 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Neutrophil extracellular traps as a potential therapeutic target in inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- TLR2 inhibition attenuates NET-driven inflammation and restenosis during poly-lactic acid bioresorbable scaffold degradation.Bioactive materials · 2026Article
- Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in the Tumor Microenvironment: Mechanisms, Immune Regulation, and Implications for Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Basophil Extracellular Traps in Immunity and Disease.Cancers · 2026Review
- Neutrophil Fate and Function in Gout: From Sterile Inflammation to Resolution.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Review
- Role of post-translational modifications in modulating histone reactivity in the extracellular environment.Biochemical Society transactions · 2026Review
- Review
- A 'Tangled Web' in the CNS: unraveling neutrophil extracellular traps in neurological disorders.Molecular neurodegeneration · 2026Review
- The gut-heart dialogue: an epigenetic perspective on myocardial infarction.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2026Review
- A Glucose-Responsive Intelligent Antibacterial and Oxygen-Producing Hydrogel Promotes the Healing of Diabetic Wounds by Regulating Cellular Heterogeneity.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Review
- Unlocking the Secrets of Regulated Cell Death in Large B-Cell Lymphoma Beyond Apoptosis: Signaling Pathways and Therapeutic Options.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Neutrophil extracellular traps are found at epithelial barriers in canine sinonasal aspergillosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- A semi-automated imaging and analysis pipeline for NET quantification and temporal-profiling of NETosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Fumarate inhibits the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in a Nrf2-controlled and Annexin-A1-dependent manner associated with mitochondrial fusion.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Mechanistic and functional characterization of NETs/IL-17 as a therapeutic target in EMT and brain metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Mechanistic interplay between extracellular vesicles and neutrophil extracellular traps: unveiling the "sterile inflammation" cascade in obesity-induced diabetes progression.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Macrophage polarization modulates neutrophil extracellular trap dynamics and reciprocal macrophage responses.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Cytokine-induced chromatin accessibility in whole blood neutrophils links to sepsis transcriptional states.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
215 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
49 authors.
Sebastian BoeltzDepartment of Internal Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander University (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054, Erlangen, Germany.
Poorya AminiInstitute of Pharmacology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Hans-Joachim AndersMedizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany.
Felipe AndradeDivision of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Rostyslav BilyyDanylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine.
Simon ChatfieldInflammation Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Iwona CichonDepartment of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland.
Danielle M ClancyVIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, University of Gent, Gent, Belgium.
Jyaysi DesaiMedizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany.
Tetiana DumychDanylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine.
Nishant DwivediDivision of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
Rachael Ann GordonDepartment of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Jonas HahnDepartment of Internal Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander University (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054, Erlangen, Germany.
Andrés HidalgoDepartment of Cell and Developmental Biology, Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC) Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
Markus H HoffmannDepartment of Internal Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander University (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054, Erlangen, Germany. markus.hoffmann@uk-erlangen.de.
Mariana J KaplanSystemic Autoimmunity Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA.
Jason S KnightDivision of Rheumatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Elzbieta KolaczkowskaDepartment of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland.
Paul KubesSnyder institute of Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.
Moritz LeppkesDepartment of Medicine 1 - Gastroenterology, Pulmonology and Endocrinology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany.
Angelo A ManfrediUniversità Vita Salute San Raffaele and IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.
Seamus J MartinMolecular Cell Biology Laboratory, Department of Genetics, The Smurfit Institute, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland.
Christian MaueröderDepartment of Internal Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander University (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054, Erlangen, Germany.
Norma MaugeriUniversità Vita Salute San Raffaele and IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.
Ioannis MitroulisLaboratory of Molecular Hematology, Department of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece.
Luis E MunozDepartment of Internal Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander University (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054, Erlangen, Germany.
Daigo NakazawaMedizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany.
Indira NeeliDepartment of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA.
Victor NizetUC San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Elmar PieterseDepartment of Nephrology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Marko Z RadicDepartment of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA.
Christiane ReinwaldDepartment of Internal Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander University (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054, Erlangen, Germany.
Konstantinos RitisLaboratory of Molecular Hematology, Department of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece.
Patrizia Rovere-QueriniUniversità Vita Salute San Raffaele and IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.
Michal SantockiDepartment of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland.
Christine SchauerDepartment of Internal Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander University (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054, Erlangen, Germany.
Georg SchettDepartment of Internal Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander University (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054, Erlangen, Germany.
Mark Jay ShlomchikDepartment of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Hans-Uwe SimonInstitute of Pharmacology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Panagiotis SkendrosLaboratory of Molecular Hematology, Department of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece.
Darko StojkovInstitute of Pharmacology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Peter VandenabeeleVIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, University of Gent, Gent, Belgium.
Tom Vanden BergheVIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, University of Gent, Gent, Belgium.
Johan van der VlagDepartment of Nephrology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Ljubomir VitkovDepartment of Biosciences, Vascular & Exercise Biology Unit, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria.
Maren von Köckritz-BlickwedeDepartment of Physiological Chemistry & Research Center for Emerging Infections and Zoonosis (RIZ), University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany.
Shida YousefiInstitute of Pharmacology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Alexander ZarbockUniversity of Münster, Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Münster, Germany.
Martin HerrmannDepartment of Internal Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander University (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054, Erlangen, Germany.
Funding
Systemic AutoimmunityZIAAR041199 · NIAMS · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ARTHRITIS AND MUSCULOSKELETAL AND SKIN DISEASES · PI KAPLAN, MARIANA · 2014 to 2025
$32.5MPurinergic modulation of the autoimmune vascular phenotypeR01HL134846 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI Jason Knight · 2018 to 2026
$4.8MThe role of complement citrullination in RA pathogenesisR01AR069569 · NIAMS · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI ANDRADE, FELIPE · 2016 to 2020
$1.8MNHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL134846NIAMS NIH HHS R01 AR069569
Abstract
Since the discovery and definition of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) 14 years ago, numerous characteristics and physiological functions of NETs have been uncovered. Nowadays, the field continues to expand and novel mechanisms that orchestrate formation of NETs, their previously unknown properties, and novel implications in disease continue to emerge. The abundance of available data has also led to some confusion in the NET research community due to contradictory results and divergent scientific concepts, such as pro- and anti-inflammatory roles in pathologic conditions, demarcation from other forms of cell death, or the origin of the DNA that forms the NET scaffold. Here, we present prevailing concepts and state of the science in NET-related research and elaborate on open questions and areas of dispute.
Indexed as
Extracellular TrapsHumansNeutrophils
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.