Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30622172›Full record

ArticleThe Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics2019

Brain Distribution and Active Efflux of Three panRAF Inhibitors: Considerations in the Treatment of Melanoma Brain Metastases.

Gautham Gampa, Minjee Kim, Afroz S Mohammad, Karen E Parrish, Ann C Mladek, Jann N Sarkaria, William F Elmquist

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
17citing papers in PubMed
0.9field-weighted citation impact, top 26% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

17 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Mutation-informed gene pairs to predict melanoma metastasis.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2026
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  11. Resistance mechanisms in BRAFFrontiers in oncology · 2022
    Review
  12. Article
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  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Targeting the ERK Signaling Pathway in Melanoma.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Gautham GampaBrain Barriers Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota (G.G., M.K., A.S.M., K.E.P., W.F.E.); and Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (A.C.M., J.N.S.).
Minjee KimBrain Barriers Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota (G.G., M.K., A.S.M., K.E.P., W.F.E.); and Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (A.C.M., J.N.S.).
Afroz S MohammadBrain Barriers Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota (G.G., M.K., A.S.M., K.E.P., W.F.E.); and Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (A.C.M., J.N.S.).
Karen E ParrishBrain Barriers Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota (G.G., M.K., A.S.M., K.E.P., W.F.E.); and Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (A.C.M., J.N.S.).
Ann C MladekBrain Barriers Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota (G.G., M.K., A.S.M., K.E.P., W.F.E.); and Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (A.C.M., J.N.S.).
Jann N SarkariaBrain Barriers Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota (G.G., M.K., A.S.M., K.E.P., W.F.E.); and Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (A.C.M., J.N.S.).
William F ElmquistBrain Barriers Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota (G.G., M.K., A.S.M., K.E.P., W.F.E.); and Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota (A.C.M., J.N.S.) elmqu011@umn.edu.
University of Minnesota · USMayo Clinic · US

Funding

Women's CancerP30CA077598 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA TWIN CITIES · PI Douglas Yee · 1998 to 2026
$100.4M
Trans Network ProjectU54CA210180 · NCI · MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY · PI WHITE, FOREST M · 2016 to 2020
$10.2M
Targeting Kif11 to Treat Glioblastoma Invasion and ProliferationR01NS073610 · NINDS · MAYO CLINIC JACKSONVILLE · PI CANOLL, PETER, ELMQUIST, WILLIAM · 2012 to 2021
$4.3M
Influence of Anti-Angiogenic Therapy on Drug Delivery to Brain TumorsR01NS077921 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA · PI ELMQUIST, WILLIAM, SARKARIA, JANN N. · 2012 to 2016
$2.5M
NCI NIH HHS P30 CA077598NCI NIH HHS U54 CA210180NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS073610NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS077921
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Targeted inhibition of RAF and MEK by molecularly targeted agents has been employed as a strategy to block aberrant mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling in melanoma. While the use of BRAF and MEK inhibitors, either as a single agent or in combination, improved efficacy in BRAF-mutant melanoma, initial responses are often followed by relapse due to acquired resistance. Moreover, some BRAF inhibitors are associated with paradoxical activation of the MAPK pathway, causing the development of secondary malignancies. The use of panRAF inhibitors, i.e., those that target all isoforms of RAF, may overcome paradoxical activation and resistance. The purpose of this study was to perform a quantitative assessment and evaluation of the influence of efflux mechanisms at the blood-brain barrier (BBB), in particular, Abcb1/P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and Abcg2/breast cancer resistance protein (Bcrp), on the brain distribution of three panRAF inhibitors: CCT196969 [1-(3-(

Indexed as

AnimalsBrainBrain NeoplasmsCell Line, TumorDogsDose-Response Relationship, DrugFemaleHeterocyclic Compounds, 3-RingHumansMadin Darby Canine Kidney CellsMaleMelanomaMiceMice, KnockoutPhenylurea CompoundsPhosphatidylethanolamine Binding Protein1-(3-tert-butyl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)-3-(2-fluoro-4-(3-oxo-3,4-dihydropyrido(3,2-b)pyrazin-8-yloxy)phenyl)ureaHeterocyclic Compounds, 3-RingLY3009120PEBP1 protein, humanPhenylurea CompoundsPhosphatidylethanolamine Binding ProteinPyrazinesPyridinesPyrimidinesThiazolestovorafenib

Identifiers

PMID30622172
PMCPMC6374543
OpenAlexW2908619446

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.