ArticleCMAJ open
Cause-specific mortality among HIV-infected people in Ontario, 1995-2014: a population-based retrospective cohort study.
Article in CMAJ open. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05295797 (The Positively Dance Pilot Program), which is not on this map. Cited by 14 papers.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
The Positively Dance Pilot Program: Examining the Feasibility of a Peer Research Associate-Led Dance Program for Women Living With HIV
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed.
- Trends in hospitalizations in adults with HIV infection in Spain over 25 years.Pathogens and global health · 2026Article
- Immunocompromised Status Definition in Observational Studies Using Electronic Health Records: A Scoping Review and a Proposal for a Phenotype Identification Algorithm.Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety · 2026Article
- Dyslipidemia and Its Associated Factors Among People Living With HIV on Dolutegravir-Based Antiretroviral Therapy at Debre Markos Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study.AIDS research and treatment · 2025Article
- Mortality and comorbidities in a Nationwide cohort of HIV-infected adults: comparison to a matched non-HIV adults' cohort, France, 2006-18.European journal of public health · 2024Article
- Incidence of Colon Cancer Among Medicaid Beneficiaries With or Without Human Immunodeficiency Virus Under Comparable Colorectal Cancer Screening Patterns.Open forum infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Long-term effect of chronic hepatitis B on mortality in HIV-infected persons in a differential HBV transmission setting.BMC infectious diseases · 2022Article
- Longitudinal analysis of HIV outcomes for persons living with HIV in non-urban areas in southern Alberta, Canada.Journal of the Association of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Disease Canada = Journal officiel de l'Association pour la microbiologie medicale et l'infectiologie Canada · 2022Article
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- Medical Immunosuppression and Outcomes in Cutaneous Melanoma: A Population-Based Cohort Study.Annals of surgical oncology · 2021Article
- The impact of routine HIV drug resistance testing in Ontario: A controlled interrupted time series study.PloS one · 2021Article
- Trends of Cause of Death among Human Immunodeficiency Virus Patients and the Impact of Low CD4 Counts on Diagnosis to Death: a Retrospective Cohort Study.Journal of Korean medical science · 2020Article
- Trends and causes of mortality in a population-based cohort of HIV-infected adults in Spain: comparison with the general population.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Evaluation of Safety and Effectiveness of Elvitegravir/Cobicistat/Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Alafenamide Switch Followed by Ledipasvir/Sofosbuvir HCV Therapy in HIV-HCV Coinfection.Open forum infectious diseases · 2019Article
- Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundRisk factors for cause-specific mortality have not been widely studied among people with HIV infection. Our objectives were to estimate rates of and risk factors for all-cause and cause-specific mortality from 1995 to 2014 among HIV-infected people in Ontario.
methodsWe conducted a population-based retrospective cohort study using provincial health databases of people with HIV infection who were aged 16 years or more, were residents of Ontario between 1995 and 2014, and had HIV infection according to a previously validated algorithm. We used International Classification of Diseases codes to classify the underlying cause of death and estimated age-adjusted mortality rates per 100 person-years for 1995 to 2014. We used descriptive statistics to characterize the cohort at baseline and calculated adjusted mortality rate ratios (RRs) using generalized estimating equations.
resultsAmong 23 043 people, the all-cause mortality rate declined from 6.69 to 1.53 per 100 person-years over the study period, and the rate of death from HIV/AIDS declined from 4.75 to 0.46 per 100 person-years. Concomitantly, the proportions of deaths due to cancer, cardiovascular disease and other noncommunicable diseases rose; however, rates remained constant or declined. Compared to males, females had higher mortality due to cardiovascular disease (adjusted RR 1.36, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.04-1.77), noncommunicable causes (adjusted RR 1.75, 95% CI 1.39-2.20) and, by 2010-2014, any cause (adjusted RR 1.19, 95% CI 1.02-1.38). Residing in a low-income neighbourhood was associated with increased risk for most causes, including HIV/AIDS (adjusted RR in 2010-2014 1.86, 95% CI 1.49-2.31). Rural residence was associated with increased mortality due to malignant disease (adjusted RR 1.60, 95% CI 1.10-2.34) and noncommunicable disease (adjusted RR 1.86, 95% CI 1.25-2.77). Being an immigrant was associated with lower risk of death from all causes.
interpretationOver the study period, death was increasingly due to common chronic conditions rather than to HIV infection itself. Care should incorporate the prevention and management of these conditions, especially among females and those residing in rural and low-income areas.
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