Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30622088›Full record

ArticleJMIR mental health2019

Web-Based Measure of Life Events Using Computerized Life Events and Assessment Record (CLEAR): Preliminary Cross-Sectional Study of Reliability, Validity, and Association With Depression.

Antonia Bifulco, Ruth Spence, Stephen Nunn, Lisa Kagan, Deborah Bailey-Rodriguez, Georgina M Hosang, Matthew Taylor, Helen L Fisher

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Article in JMIR mental health, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Antonia BifulcoCentre for Abuse and Trauma Studies, Department of Psychology, Middlesex University, London, United Kingdom.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8316-9706
Ruth SpenceCentre for Abuse and Trauma Studies, Department of Psychology, Middlesex University, London, United Kingdom.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6197-9975
Stephen NunnCentre for Abuse and Trauma Studies, Department of Psychology, Middlesex University, London, United Kingdom.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2646-4968
Lisa KaganCentre for Abuse and Trauma Studies, Department of Psychology, Middlesex University, London, United Kingdom.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8405-2443
Deborah Bailey-RodriguezCentre for Abuse and Trauma Studies, Department of Psychology, Middlesex University, London, United Kingdom.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9931-563X
Georgina M HosangWolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine, Centre for Psychiatry, Barts & The London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4683-3636
Matthew TaylorDepartment of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4716-4662
Helen L FisherSocial Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4174-2126

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundGiven the criticisms of life event checklists and the costs associated with interviews, life event research requires a sophisticated but easy-to-use measure for research and clinical practice. Therefore, the Computerized Life Events and Assessment Record (CLEAR), based on the Life Events and Difficulties Schedule (LEDS), was developed.

objectiveThe objective of our study was to test CLEAR's reliability, validity, and association with depression.

methodsCLEAR, the General Health Questionnaire, and the List of Threatening Experiences Questionnaire (LTE-Q) were completed by 328 participants (126 students; 202 matched midlife sample: 127 unaffected controls, 75 recurrent depression cases). Test-retest reliability over 3-4 weeks was examined and validity determined by comparing CLEAR with LEDS and LTE-Q. Both CLEAR and LTE-Q were examined in relation to depression.

resultsCLEAR demonstrated good test-retest reliability for the overall number of life events (0.89) and severe life events (.60). Long-term problems showed similar findings. In terms of validity, CLEAR severe life events had moderate sensitivity (59.1%) and specificity (65.4%) when compared with LEDS. CLEAR demonstrated moderate sensitivity (43.1%) and specificity (78.6%) when compared with LTE-Q. CLEAR severe life events and long-term problems were significantly associated with depression (odds ratio, OR 3.50, 95% CI 2.10 to 5.85, P<.001; OR 3.38, 95% CI 2.02 to 5.67, P<.001, respectively), whereas LTE-Q events were not (OR 1.06, 95% CI 0.43 to 2.60, P=.90).

conclusionsCLEAR has acceptable reliability and validity and predicts depression. It, therefore, has great potential for effective use in research and clinical practice identifying stress-related factors for the onset and maintenance of depression and related disorders.

Indexed as

depressionhealth technologyinternetlife change eventslife stresspsychological testspsychometrics

Identifiers

PMID30622088
PMCPMC6329417

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.