ArticlePlant signaling & behavior2019
Arms race: diverse effector proteins with conserved motifs.
Article in Plant signaling & behavior, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers.
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Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed.
- Hybrid genome assembly of the cannabis powdery mildew agent Golovinomyces ambrosiae uncovers important resources for deciphering virulence factors.BMC genomics · 2026Article
- Comprehensive pan-effectome investigation reveals central effector genes in woody plant pathogen Botryosphaeriaceae.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2026Article
- Genome-Wide Identification of CFEM Proteins inPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Genomic and Effector-Based Insights Into Austropuccinia psidii-Host Interactions Informing RNAi and Resistance Development.Molecular plant pathology · 2026Review
- AACRNL evolved from virulence factor to epigenetic parasite driving genome expansion in free-living eukaryotes.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Article
- Review of the Pathogenic Mechanism of Grape Downy Mildew (Microorganisms · 2025Review
- The Three-Dimensional Structure of the Genome of the Dark Septate EndophyteJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Genome-Wide Analysis of Soybean Apyrase Gene Family and Functional Characterization of GmAPY1-4 Responses to Aluminum Stress.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Dual RNA-seq reveals transcriptome changes during Fusarium virguliforme-Trichoderma afroharzianum interactions.PloS one · 2025Article
- Effector Pt9226 fromMicroorganisms · 2024Article
- Identification and characterization of specific motifs in effector proteins of plant parasites using MOnSTER.Communications biology · 2024Article
- Template-Based Modelling of the Structure of Fungal Effector Proteins.Molecular biotechnology · 2024Article
- Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of Effector Candidates with Conserved Motif inInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Variability and functional characterization of the Phakopsora pachyrhizi Egh16-like effectors.Genetics and molecular biology · 2024Article
- Transcriptome analysis ofFrontiers in plant science · 2024Article
- Small secreted effector protein from Fusarium sacchari suppresses host immune response by inhibiting ScPi21-induced cell death.Molecular plant pathology · 2024Article
- Article
- Nuclear effectors of plant pathogens: Distinct strategies to be one step ahead.Molecular plant pathology · 2023Review
- Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Effector proteins play important roles in the infection by pathogenic oomycetes and fungi or the colonization by endophytic and mycorrhizal fungi. They are either translocated into the host plant cells via specific translocation mechanisms and function in the host's cytoplasm or nucleus, or they reside in the apoplast of the plant cells and act at the extracellular host-microbe interface. Many effector proteins possess conserved motifs (such as the RXLR, CRN, LysM, RGD, DELD, EAR, RYWT, Y/F/WXC or CFEM motifs) localized in their N- or C-terminal regions. Analysis of the functions of effector proteins, especially so-called "core effectors", is crucial for the understanding of pathogenicity/symbiosis mechanisms and plant defense strategies, and helps to develop breeding strategies for pathogen-resistant cultivars, and to increase crop yield and quality as well as abiotic stress resistance. This review summarizes current knowledge about these effector proteins with the conversed motifs and their involvement in pathogenic or mutualistic plant/fungal interactions.
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