ArticleThe Cleft palate-craniofacial journal : official publication of the American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association2019
Methods and Challenges in a Cohort Study of Infants and Toddlers With Craniofacial Microsomia: The Clock Study.
Article in The Cleft palate-craniofacial journal : official publication of the American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Analysis of Craniofacial Microsomia and Facial Asymmetry: Approaches in Facial Feminization Surgery.Aesthetic surgery journal · 2026Article
- Embarking on a Treatment Journey: Experiences of Caregivers of Young Children With Craniofacial Microsomia.The Journal of craniofacial surgery · 2025Article
- Establishing an International Interdisciplinary Research Network in Craniofacial Microsomia: The CARE Program.The Cleft palate-craniofacial journal : official publication of the American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association · 2024Article
- Complexities of Hemifacial Microsomia: A Case Study of Mandibular Hypoplasia and Ear Deformity.Cureus · 2024Article
- Early Experiences of Parents of Children With Craniofacial Microsomia.Journal of obstetric, gynecologic, and neonatal nursing : JOGNN · 2024Article
- Understanding Naturalistic Facial Expressions with Deep Learning and Multimodal Large Language Models.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Psychosocial and Health-Related Experiences of Individuals With Microtia and Craniofacial Microsomia and Their Families: Narrative Review Over 2 Decades.The Cleft palate-craniofacial journal : official publication of the American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association · 2023Review
- Infant AFAR: Automated facial action recognition in infants.Behavior research methods · 2023Article
- Cognitive, Motor, and Language Development of Preschool Children With Craniofacial Microsomia.The Cleft palate-craniofacial journal : official publication of the American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association · 2021Article
- Behavioral Adjustment of Preschool Children With and Without Craniofacial Microsomia.The Cleft palate-craniofacial journal : official publication of the American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association · 2021Article
- Evaluation of prenatal diabetes mellitus and other risk factors for craniofacial microsomia.Birth defects research · 2019Article
- Neurodevelopment of Infants with and without Craniofacial Microsomia.The Journal of pediatrics · 2018Observational
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveThe Craniofacial microsomia: Longitudinal Outcomes in Children pre-Kindergarten (CLOCK) study is a longitudinal cohort study of neurobehavioral outcomes in infants and toddlers with craniofacial microsomia (CFM). In this article, we review the data collection and methods used to characterize this complex condition and describe the demographic and clinical characteristics of the cohort.
settingCraniofacial and otolaryngology clinics at 5 study sites.
participantsInfants with CFM and unaffected infants (controls) ages 12 to 24 months were recruited from the same geographical regions and followed to age 36 to 48 months.
methodsPhenotypic, neurodevelopmental, and facial expression assessments were completed during the first and third waves of data collection (time 1 and time 3, respectively). Medical history data were taken at both of these time points and during an intermediate parent phone interview (time 2).
resultsOur cohort includes 108 cases and 84 controls. Most cases and controls identified as white and 55% of cases and 37% of controls identified as Hispanic. Nearly all cases had microtia (95%) and 59% had mandibular hypoplasia. Cases received extensive clinical care in infancy, with 59% receiving care in a craniofacial clinic and 28% experiencing at least one surgery. Study visits were completed at a study site (92%) or at the participant's home (8%).
conclusionsThe CLOCK study represents an effort to overcome the challenges of characterizing the phenotypic and neurodevelopmental outcomes of CFM in a large, demographically and geographically diverse cohort.
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