ReviewFrontiers in immunology2018
Trained Immunity-Based Vaccines: A New Paradigm for the Development of Broad-Spectrum Anti-infectious Formulations.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 3 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 151 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Conducting an Initial Small, Controlled Clinical Pharmacology Trial to Assess for Therapeutic Biologics Activity (Proof-of-Concept) That Suggests the Potential for Clinical Benefits of COVID-19 Patients With Controlled Cancers.
A Prospective, Open-label, Randomized Pilot Study (Including a Control Group) of BACTEK-R (MV130), Administered Sublingually to Assess the Clinical Impact in Subjects With Mild Pneumonia Due to COVID-19
A Phase I/II Randomized, Prospective, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Single-center Study to Evaluate the Ability of Sublingual MV130 to Induce the Expression of Trained Immunity in Peripheral Blood Cells
Who cites it
151 citing papers in PubMed, 250 citations in OpenAlex.
- Bacterial Mucosal Immunotherapy with MV130 Prevents Recurrent Wheezing in Children: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-controlled Clinical Trial.American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2021Trial
- Trained Immunity in Childhood Vaccination.Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992) · 2026Review
- Review
- Editorial comment: Efficacy and safety of bacterial immunostimulants in immunodeficient individuals: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Pediatric allergy and immunology : official publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology · 2026Article
- Review
- BCG-induced trained immunity on clinical outcomes in moderate to severe COVID-19 patients at a tertiary care center: A comparative study based on interferon-gamma release assays status.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2026Article
- Review
- Impact of Vaccines Across the Lifespan: A New Perspective in Public Health-Conclusions of an Expert Panel-Part 1.Vaccines · 2026Review
- Respiratory virus immune response in the aged host.Immunity & ageing : I & A · 2026Review
- Treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: current pipeline and new opportunities.Nature reviews. Drug discovery · 2026Review
- Evaluation of trained immunity as a potential strategy for a universal Streptococcus suis vaccine using immunogenic proteins in a murine model.BMC veterinary research · 2026Article
- Heat-killedFrontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Trained immunity using probiotics and inactivated pathogens enhances resistance to Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium infection by activating the cGAS-STING signal pathway in mice and chickens.Journal of advanced research · 2026Article
- Editorial: Transforming vaccine strategies: co-delivery systems for robust immunity and disease control.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines and antimicrobial resistance: serotype replacement, clonal dynamics, and future vaccine perspectives.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Current Evidence on Safety, Efficacy and Efficiency of Sublingual Vaccine UromunePathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- M28 family peptidase derived fromGut microbes · 2025Article
- Review
- The long reach of influenza and other respiratory viruses: from acute epithelial injury to post-viral lung disease.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2025Review
- Maladaptive trained immunity in viral infections.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2025Review
91 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Challenge with specific microbial stimuli induces long lasting epigenetic changes in innate immune cells that result in their enhanced response to a second challenge by the same or unrelated microbial insult, a process referred to as trained immunity. This opens a new avenue in vaccinology to develop
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.