ReviewFrontiers in physiology2018
Passive Heating: Reviewing Practical Heat Acclimation Strategies for Endurance Athletes.
Review in Frontiers in physiology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Sustainable solutions to mitigate occupational heat strain - an umbrella review of physiological effects and global health perspectives.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2020Pooled it
- Japanese steam sand bath heat therapy mediates comparable reductions in blood pressure with smaller discomfort and respiratory strains than hot water immersion and sauna.European journal of applied physiology · 2026Trial
- Effects of regular sauna bathing in conjunction with exercise on cardiovascular function: a multi-arm, randomized controlled trial.American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology · 2022Trial
- Repeated Moderate and Severe Heat Exposure Has Divergent Effects on Skeletal Muscle Mitochondrial, Proteostatic and Neuromuscular Outcomes in Mice.Acta physiologica (Oxford, England) · 2026Article
- Short-term endurance training in the cold with layered clothing mitigates perceptual strain during exercise in the heat.European journal of applied physiology · 2026Article
- Far-infrared sauna exposure at 65°C elevates core temperature.Experimental physiology · 2026Article
- The 2026 Men's FIFA Football World Cup: Evidence-Based Guidelines to Protect Player Health and Performance from Environmental Challenges.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Review
- One Step Further: Integrating Evidence-Based Guidelines into Practice to Address Environmental Challenges at the Men's 2026 FIFA World Cup.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Review
- Daily hot-water immersion preserves altitude-induced haemoglobin mass expansion following descent independent of erythropoietin.Experimental physiology · 2026Article
- Passive heat intervention research in women: Systematic review and audit of female representation.Experimental physiology · 2026Review
- Physiological Responder Profiles and Fatigue Dynamics in Prolonged Cycling.Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology · 2025Article
- Mitochondrial adaptations from heat acclimation - A narrative review.Journal of thermal biology · 2025Review
- Heat stress-induced heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) expressions among vulnerable populations in urban and rural areas Klang Valley, Malaysia.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2025Article
- Thermal and Biomechanical Responses of Amateur, Elite and World Cup Athletes During a World Cup Sprint Triathlon in the Heat.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2025Article
- Combined Active and Passive Isothermic Heating Leads to Similar Core Temperature Compared With Exercise Alone.Journal of athletic training · 2025Article
- The effect of post-exercise heat exposure (passive heat acclimation) on endurance exercise performance: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation · 2025Article
- Hydration Considerations to Improve the Physical Performance and Health of Firefighters.Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology · 2024Review
- Healthy environments for athleTes (HEAT): environmental conditions along a 90 km ultra-marathon event, South Africa.International journal of biometeorology · 2024Article
- A century of exercise physiology: concepts that ignited the study of human thermoregulation. Part 4: evolution, thermal adaptation and unsupported theories of thermoregulation.European journal of applied physiology · 2024Review
- Heart Rate and Body Temperature Evolution in an Interval Program of Passive Heat Acclimation at High Temperatures (100 ± 2 °C) in a Sauna.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Heat acclimation protocols-both active and passive-have been employed by athletes in an effort to attenuate the detrimental effects of heat stress on physical capacities and sports performance. Active strategies have been extensively reviewed, but have various practical and economic limitations. The purpose of this review was therefore to provide an overview of the passive strategies that have received less attention, yet may be more practical or economically viable; recommendations for athletes are also provided. With a systematic search of the relevant databases ending in June 2018, 16 articles on passive heat acclimation that met the inclusion criteria were included in the review. The review highlighted that passive heat acclimation strategies can successfully induce heat adaptations, evident by reports of improved exercise performance, thermoregulatory, cardiovascular, and perceptual responses accompanying such interventions. Based on the review it is apparent that the use of sauna, hot-water immersion and environmental chambers may be used to provide heat stress under passive conditions, for the purpose of acclimation. To maximize the thermoregulatory-adaptive responses, exercise bouts should be employed prior to passive heat stress, rather than passive heating alone, with a minimal delay between exercise and the application of heat stress. Heating bouts should have a minimum duration of 30 min per session and be employed on consecutive days, when possible, with a minimum of 6-7 exposures to induce adaptation. This review identified that information regarding the magnitude of performance changes that can occur, as well as the perceptual responses to passive heating protocols is limited. Future research should investigate the use of passive heat exposures before and/or after repeated heat training sessions, to assess if a further boost to heat adaptation can be achieved with this strategy.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.