Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30615801›Full record

ArticleJournal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research2019

The Cost of Osteoporosis, Osteopenia, and Associated Fractures in Australia in 2017.

Gemma Tatangelo, Jennifer Watts, Karen Lim, Catherine Connaughton, Julie Abimanyi-Ochom, Fredrik Borgström, Geoff C Nicholson, Catherine Shore-Lorenti, Amanda L Stuart, Sandra Iuliano-Burns and 9 more

Registry-linked trialOpen access · bronzeAbstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05613400 (The Effect of Simvastatin on Bone Density in Postmenopausal Women With Type 2 Diabetes), which is not on this map. Cited by 79 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
79citing papers in PubMed, 8 pooled it
13.8field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT05613400 phase4unknown statusstarted 2022, after this paper: background citation

The Effect of Simvastatin on Bone Density in Postmenopausal Women With Type 2 Diabetes: a Double-blind, Randomized Active-comparator (Ezetimibe) Controlled Clinical Trial

Ran2022Enrolled240Registered outcomes7Posted comparisons0ConditionsDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2ArmsEzetimibe 10mg, Simvastatin 10mg
PMID 28434032PMID 10720052PMID 15317608PMID 17530471PMID 26969416PMID 27004165PMID 29496507PMID 30066131PMID 30403505PMID 11701680PMID 30674078PMID 31384961other papers from this trial
Open the trial in the graph
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

79 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 137 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  4. Association between total and animal proteins with risk of fracture: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of cohort studies.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2024
    Pooled it
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  17. Incidence of hip fractures in persons with and without Parkinson's disease in Finland: a 15-year longitudinal study.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2025
    Article
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  20. Estimated health and economic effects associated with over- and under-exposure to solar ultraviolet radiation in Australia and New Zealand using the SUNEX simulation model.Photochemical & photobiological sciences : Official journal of the European Photochemistry Association and the European Society for Photobiology · 2025
    Article

19 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

19 authors at 12 institutions in 4 countries.

Gemma TatangeloSchool of Psychology, Deakin University, Burwood, Australia.
Jennifer WattsDeakin Health Economics, Centre for Population Health Research, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.
Karen LimMary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia.
Catherine ConnaughtonMary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia.
Julie Abimanyi-OchomDeakin Health Economics, Centre for Population Health Research, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.
Fredrik BorgströmLIME/MMC, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden.
Geoff C NicholsonDepartment of Medicine, The University of Melbourne and Western Health, Sunshine Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.
Catherine Shore-LorentiDepartment of Medicine, The University of Melbourne and Western Health, Sunshine Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.
Amanda L StuartSchool of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.
Sandra Iuliano-BurnsDepartment of Medicine, Austin Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
Ego SeemanMary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia.
Richard PrinceSchool of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Australia, Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, Australia.
Lyn MarchInstitute of Bone and Joint Research, University of Sydney-Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia.
Marita CrossInstitute of Bone and Joint Research, University of Sydney-Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia.
Tania WinzenbergMenzies Research Institute Tasmania, University of Tasmania, Tasmania, Australia.
Laura L LaslettMenzies Research Institute Tasmania, University of Tasmania, Tasmania, Australia.
Gustavo DuqueDepartment of Medicine, The University of Melbourne and Western Health, Sunshine Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.
Peter R EbelingDepartment of Medicine, The University of Melbourne and Western Health, Sunshine Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.
Kerrie M SandersDepartment of Medicine, The University of Melbourne and Western Health, Sunshine Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.
Deakin University · AUAustin Health · AUAustralian Catholic University · AURoyal North Shore Hospital · AUUniversity of Tasmania · AUEhime University Hospital · JPKarolinska Institutet · SENepean Hospital · AUSunshine Hospital · AUUniversity of Queensland · AUUniversity of Western Australia · AUWestern Health · AU

Funding

Merck Australia Pty LtdNational Health and Medical Research Foundation Council 68251
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Osteoporosis and osteopenia are increasingly prevalent conditions among older adults. Not only do the fractures associated with poor bone health have significant health consequences for the individual, but also their economic impact is placing increasing financial burden on governments and society. This study aimed to determine the direct economic cost of osteoporosis, osteopenia, and fractures among Australians aged 50 years and older in 2017. This study uses previous Australian data on the incidence and prevalence of osteoporosis and osteopenia together with recent Australian data on health service utilization after fracture to provide an estimate of the economic burden of osteoporosis. A bottom-up costing approach was used to determine the average direct health care and non-health care total costs of a fracture, as well as the average community health service costs of managing individuals with osteoporosis or osteopenia. The total direct cost of osteoporosis in Australia in 2017 was estimated to be $3.44 billion (AUD 2017, USD 2.77 billion). Treatment of fractures accounted for 68% of total direct costs, and non-fracture management of osteoporosis accounted for 32%. Hip fractures accounted for the highest proportion (43%) of the total direct cost of fractures, although fractures at "other" sites accounted for 38.5%. Fractures among individuals aged 70 years and older accounted for 74% of the direct costs (55% and 19% in women and men, respectively). Fracture costs in those with osteopenia accounted for 50% of direct fracture treatment costs. This up-to-date cost analysis estimated that costs in 2017 were three times higher than in 2007. These estimates will aid clinicians, policy makers, researchers, and health care organizations to acknowledge the economic importance of reducing osteoporosis-related fractures and associated costs. This provides a strong public health case to promote bone health that will assist in reducing future fracture-related costs. © 2018 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

Indexed as

Costs and Cost AnalysisDatabases, FactualAgedAustraliaBone Diseases, MetabolicFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedOsteoporosisOsteoporotic FracturesFRACTUREHEALTH ECONOMICSOSTEOPENIAOSTEOPOROSIS

Identifiers

PMID30615801
OpenAlexW2911243901

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.