ArticlePloS one2019
Associations between urate-lowering therapy and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Article in PloS one, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Interrelationship Between Dyslipidemia and Hyperuricemia in Patients with Uncontrolled Type 2 Diabetes: Clinical Implications and a Risk Identification Algorithm.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Impact of gout on colorectal cancer and its survival: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study.Discover oncology · 2024Article
- Contributing Factors of Diabetes Mellitus among Patients with Gout (Results of the Long-Term Prospective Study).Doklady. Biochemistry and biophysics · 2023Article
- Urate-lowering therapy exerts protective effects against hypertension development in patients with gout.Journal of human hypertension · 2021Article
- A Head-To-Head Comparison of Benzbromarone and Allopurinol on the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in People With Asymptomatic Hyperuricemia.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2021Article
- Allopurinol use and type 2 diabetes incidence among patients with gout: A VA retrospective cohort study.Medicine · 2020Observational
- Association between Gout, Urate-Lowering Therapy, and Risk of Developing Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Nationwide Population-Based Retrospective Cohort Study.BioMed research international · 2020Article
- Allopurinol Use and the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Meta-Analysis of Cohort Studies.Dose-response : a publication of International Hormesis SocietyArticle
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5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
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Abstract
backgroundGout is independently associated with increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Urate-lowering therapy (ULT) might be beneficial in lowering the risks of T2DM. Therefore, we conducted a nested case-control study to evaluate the associations between ULT and T2DM.
methodsThis study retrieved the data of 29,765 gout patients from the period of 1998-2010 by using data from Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database. Controls (n = 59,530) were matched at a 1:2 ratio by age, sex, and region. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression were performed to examine the dose-dependent relationship between ULT and T2DM.
resultsThe adjusted Hazard ratio (HR) for the association of T2DM with allopurinol or benzbromarone exposure was 1.17 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.07-1.28) and1.09 (95% CI 1.03-1.15), respectively. The HR for the cumulative allopurinol dose was 0.87 (95% CI 0.71-1.07) for patients with dose ≤1.3 mg/day and was 1.31 (95% CI 1.13-1.52) for those with a dose >15.2 mg/day. Similarly, the HR for the cumulative benzbromarone dose was 0.85(95% CI 0.75-0.96) for patients with a dose ≤1.3 mg/day and 1.42 (95% CI 1.30-1.55) for patients with a dose>9.4 mg/day, respectively. Moreover, the average exposure dose of >100 mg/day for allopurinol and >100 mg/day for benzbromarone was associated with a 1.28-fold (95% CI 1.11-1.48) and 1.47-fold (95% CI 1.23-1.76) T2DM risk respectively. The HR for patients in aged >50 years group with cumulative dose ≤1.3 mg/day of allopurinol or benzbromarone had lower risk of T2DM (HR = 0.74, 95% CI 0.58-0.94 for allopurinol; HR = 0.79, 95% CI 0.69-0.90 for benzbromarone).
conclusionGout patients with prolonged ULT and a high dose of ULT were associated with a significant increase in T2DM risk. Although gout patients with age greater than 50 years and a lower dose of ULT may be beneficial in lowering T2DM risk, further clinical studies need to be confirmed these associations.
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