ArticleJournal of ocular pharmacology and therapeutics : the official journal of the Association for Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics2019
Co-Delivery of Timolol and Brimonidine with a Polymer Thin-Film Intraocular Device.
Article in Journal of ocular pharmacology and therapeutics : the official journal of the Association for Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- In Vivo Comparison of Intracameral and Intravitreal Implantation of a Timolol Maleate Miniaturized Injectable Delivery System Device.Ophthalmology science · 2026Article
- Topical Gel/Microsphere Eyedrop for Combined Delivery of Brimonidine and Timolol: A Comparative Study With Traditional Eye Drops in Rabbits.Translational vision science & technology · 2025Article
- Manufacturing and characterisation of 3D-printed sustained-release Timolol implants for glaucoma treatment.Drug delivery and translational research · 2025Article
- Nanostructure-Mediated Transport of Therapeutics through Epithelial Barriers.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Progress in Ocular Drug Delivery: Challenges and Constraints.Handbook of experimental pharmacology · 2024Article
- Biodegradable Polymer-Based Drug-Delivery Systems for Ocular Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Review
- Injectable Devices for Delivery of Liquid or Solid Protein Formulations.ACS materials Au · 2023Article
- Breaking Barriers in Eye Treatment: Polymeric Nano-Based Drug-Delivery System for Anterior Segment Diseases and Glaucoma.Polymers · 2023Review
- Article
- Biomaterials and Extracellular Vesicle Delivery: Current Status, Applications and Challenges.Cells · 2022Review
- A long-acting formulation of rifabutin is effective for prevention and treatment of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.Nature communications · 2022Article
- Review
- Considerations for Polymers Used in Ocular Drug Delivery.Frontiers in medicine · 2021Review
- Novel Drug Delivery Systems Fighting Glaucoma: Formulation Obstacles and Solutions.Pharmaceutics · 2020Review
- Ocular co-Delivery of Timolol and Brimonidine from a Self-Assembling Peptide Hydrogel for the Treatment of Glaucoma: In Vitro and Ex Vivo Evaluation.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeWe developed a polycaprolactone (PCL) co-delivery implant that achieves zero-order release of 2 ocular hypotensive agents, timolol maleate and brimonidine tartrate. We also demonstrate intraocular pressure (IOP)-lowering effects of the implant for 3 months in vivo.
methodsTwo PCL thin-film compartments were attached to form a V-shaped co-delivery device using film thicknesses of ∼40 and 20 μm for timolol and brimonidine compartments, respectively. In vitro release kinetics were measured in pH- and temperature-controlled fluid chambers. Empty or drug-loaded devices were implanted intracamerally in normotensive rabbits for up to 13 weeks with weekly measurements of IOP. For ocular concentrations, rabbits were euthanized at 4, 8, or 13 weeks, aqueous fluid was collected, and ocular tissues were dissected. Drug concentrations were measured by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.
resultsIn vitro studies show zero-order release kinetics for both timolol (1.75 μg/day) and brimonidine (0.48 μg/day) for up to 60 days. In rabbit eyes, the device achieved an average aqueous fluid concentration of 98.1 ± 68.3 ng/mL for timolol and 5.5 ± 3.6 ng/mL for brimonidine. Over 13 weeks, the drug-loaded co-delivery device resulted in a statistically significant cumulative reduction in IOP compared to untreated eyes (P < 0.05) and empty-device eyes (P < 0.05).
conclusionsThe co-delivery device demonstrated a zero-order release profile in vitro for 2 hypotensive agents over 60 days. In vivo, the device led to significant cumulative IOP reduction of 3.4 ± 1.6 mmHg over 13 weeks. Acceptable ocular tolerance was seen, and systemic drug levels were unmeasurable.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.