SynthesisClinical endocrinology2019
Adolescent use of combined hormonal contraception and peak bone mineral density accrual: A meta-analysis of international prospective controlled studies.
Synthesis in Clinical endocrinology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 66 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association of Hormonal Contraceptive Use With Adverse Health Outcomes: An Umbrella Review of Meta-analyses of Randomized Clinical Trials and Cohort Studies.JAMA network open · 2022Pooled it
- Adolescent use of combined hormonal contraception and peak bone mineral density accrual: A meta-analysis of international prospective controlled studies.Clinical endocrinology · 2019Pooled it
- Trial
- Impact of estroprogestin therapies on bone health from adolescence to postmenopause.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2026Review
- The Use of Combined Oral Contraceptives for ˃6 Months Is Not Associated with Body Fat or Bone Density, Regardless of Dietary Differences-A Pilot Study.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Article
- Hormonal Contraception and Bone Metabolism: Emerging Evidence from a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Studies on Post-Pubertal and Reproductive-Age Women.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Hormonal Therapies for Acne: A Comprehensive Update for Dermatologists.Dermatology and therapy · 2025Review
- The hormonal profile in women using combined monophasic oral contraceptive pills varies across the pill cycle: a temporal analysis of serum endogenous and exogenous hormones using liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectroscopy.American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism · 2024Article
- Artificial Intelligence in the Management of Women with Endometriosis and Adenomyosis: Can Machines Ever Be Worse Than Humans?Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Estrogen exposure and skeletal health: Special populations and considerations.Journal of the Pediatric Orthopaedic Society of North America · 2024Article
- Proposal for targeted, neo-evolutionary-oriented secondary prevention of early-onset endometriosis and adenomyosis. Part II: medical interventions.Human reproduction (Oxford, England) · 2024Article
- Hormonal and non-hormonal oral contraceptives given long-term to pubertal rats differently affect bone mass, quality and metabolism.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Article
- Reproductive Tract Bleeding in Adolescent and Young Adult Females with Inherited Bleeding Disorders: An Underappreciated Problem.Journal of pediatric and adolescent gynecology · 2022Review
- Effect of two combinations of low-dose oral contraceptives on adolescent bone mass: A clinical trial with 2 years follow-up.Medicine · 2022Article
- Association of Short-Term Changes in Menstrual Frequency, Medication Use, Weight and Exercise on Bone Mineral Density in College-Aged Women.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Adaptive, reversible, hypothalamic reproductive suppression: More than functional hypothalamic amenorrhea.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Article
- "The pill" suppresses adolescent bone growth, no matter the estrogen dose.CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne · 2021Article
- Physiological Characteristics of Female Soccer Players and Health and Performance Considerations: A Narrative Review.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2021Review
- Hormonal Contraception and Bone Health in Adolescents.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveMany women use combined hormonal contraceptives (CHC) during adolescence during which they are accruing peak areal bone mineral density (BMD) that relates to lifetime fracture risk. To build BMD requires formation with which CHC-related exogenous oestrogen may interfere. We compared peak BMD accrual in adolescents using and not using CHC. DESIGN/
participantsWe performed literature searches for prospective published peer-reviewed articles providing 12- to 24-month BMD change in adolescent (12- to 19-year-old) women using CHC vs CHC-unexposed control women.
methodsMeta-analyses used random-effects models to assess BMD change rate at lumbar spine (LS) and other sites in adolescent CHC users vs CHC nonusers.
resultsLiterature searches yielded 84 publications of which nine were eligible. Adolescent-only data were sought from cohorts with wider age inclusions. The 12-month LS meta-analysis with eight paired comparisons in 1535 adolescents showed a weighted mean BMD difference of -0.02 (95% confidence interval [CI]: -0.05 to 0.00) g/cm
conclusionGiven that adolescent exposure to CHC appears to be increasing, this evidence for potential impairment of peak spinal BMD accrual is of concern and suggests a potential public health problem. Randomized controlled trial data are needed to determine CHC effects on adolescent bone health.
Indexed as
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.