ReviewReviews in medical virology2019
Expressional activation and functional roles of human endogenous retroviruses in cancers.
Review in Reviews in medical virology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 54 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
54 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 71 citations in OpenAlex.
- Human endogenous retroviruses as immune-related prognostic biomarkers in pancreatic cancer.BMC cancer · 2026Pooled it
- Retroelements in thyroid cancer: epigenetic plasticity, dedifferentiation, and therapeutic opportunities.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2026Review
- Human Endogenous Retroviruses and Diseases.MedComm · 2025Review
- Endogenous and exogenous viral reactivation as a driver of epigenetic drift and mitophagy failure in aging.Biogerontology · 2025Review
- Article
- Exploring transposable elements: new horizons in cancer diagnostics and therapeutics.Mobile DNA · 2025Review
- Roles of Immunity and Endogenous Retroelements in the Pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis and Treatment Strategies.Functional & integrative genomics · 2025Review
- Identification and clinical implications of endogenous retrovirus elements suppressed by SETDB1 in hepatocellular carcinoma.JHEP reports : innovation in hepatology · 2025Article
- Viruses and psychiatric disorders: We have not crossed the borderline from hypothesis to proof yet (Review).Molecular medicine reports · 2025Review
- HHLA2: a potential biomarker and therapeutic target in endocrine-related cancer.Endocrine oncology (Bristol, England) · 2025Review
- Transposons disrupt genomic stability and trigger cancers.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Review
- Human Endogenous Retroviruses and Their Putative Role in Pathogenesis of Alzheimer's Disease, Inflammation, and Senescence.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- Functional Bidirectionality of ERV-Derived Long Non-Coding RNAs in Humans.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Review
- Invasion and Amplification of Endogenous Retroviruses in Dasyuridae Marsupial Genomes.Molecular biology and evolution · 2024Article
- Roles of Human Endogenous Retroviruses and Endogenous Virus-Like Elements in Cancer Development and Innate Immunity.Biomolecules · 2023Review
- Article
- Comprehensive Analysis and Drug Modulation of Human Endogenous Retrovirus in Hepatocellular Carcinomas.Cancers · 2023Article
- Confounding factors in profiling of locus-specific human endogenous retrovirus (HERV) transcript signatures in primary T cells using multi-study-derived datasets.BMC medical genomics · 2023Article
- Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) are widely believed to be remnants of ancestral germ line infections by exogenous retroviruses. Although HERVs are deemed as "nonfunctional DNAs" due to loss of most of their viral protein coding capacity during evolution as part of the human genome, cumulative evidences are showing the expressional activation and potential roles of HERVs in diseases especially cancers. Work by other researchers and us has observed the dysregulation of HERVs in cancers, identified new HERV-related genes, and revealed their potential importance in cancer development. Here, we summarized the current knowledge on the mechanisms of the expressional activation and functional roles of HERVs, with a focus on the H family HERV (HERV-H), in carcinogenesis. HERV expression is regulated by external chemical or physical substances and exogenous virus infection, as well as host factors such as epigenetic DNA methylation, transcription factors, cytokines, and small RNAs. Diverse roles of HERVs have been proposed by acting in the forms of noncoding RNAs, proteins, and transcriptional regulators during carcinogenesis. However, much remains to be learnt about the contributions of HERVs to human cancers. More investigation is warranted to elucidate the functions of these "fossil remnants" yet important viral DNAs in the human genome.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.