Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30611798›Full record

ReviewNeuroscience and biobehavioral reviews2019

Neuroimaging of individual differences: A latent variable modeling perspective.

Shelly R Cooper, Joshua J Jackson, Deanna M Barch, Todd S Braver

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
38citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

38 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Generative Principal Component Regression via Variational Inference.IEEE transactions on signal processing : a publication of the IEEE Signal Processing Society · 2026
    Article
  5. Associations Between Steep Delay Discounting and Punishment Learning.Computational psychiatry (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2026
    Article
  6. Pulse Pressure Impairs Cognition via White Matter Disruption.Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2025
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Modelling nonlinear moderation effects with local structural equation modelling (LSEM): A non-technical introduction.International journal of psychology : Journal international de psychologie · 2025
    Article
  14. Enhancing task fMRI individual difference research with neural signatures.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025
    Article
  15. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Shelly R CooperWashington University in St. Louis, Psychological and Brain Sciences, St. Louis, Missouri, United States. Electronic address: shelly.cooper@wustl.edu.
Joshua J JacksonWashington University in St. Louis, Psychological and Brain Sciences, St. Louis, Missouri, United States.
Deanna M BarchWashington University in St. Louis, Psychological and Brain Sciences, St. Louis, Missouri, United States.
Todd S BraverWashington University in St. Louis, Psychological and Brain Sciences, St. Louis, Missouri, United States.

Funding

Mapping the Human Connectome: Structure, Function, and HeritabilityU54MH091657 · NIMH · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI UGURBIL, KAMIL, VAN ESSEN, DAVID C · 2010 to 2014
$34.7M
Dual Mechanisms of Cognitive ControlR37MH066078 · NIMH · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI BRAVER, TODD S · 2013 to 2022
$7.2M
NIMH NIH HHS R37 MH066078NIMH NIH HHS U54 MH091657
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Neuroimaging data is being increasingly utilized to address questions of individual difference. When examined with task-related fMRI (t-fMRI), individual differences are typically investigated via correlations between the BOLD activation signal at every voxel and a particular behavioral measure. This can be problematic because: 1) correlational designs require evaluation of t-fMRI psychometric properties, yet these are not well understood; and 2) bivariate correlations are severely limited in modeling the complexities of brain-behavior relationships. Analytic tools from psychometric theory such as latent variable modeling (e.g., structural equation modeling) can help simultaneously address both concerns. This review explores the advantages gained from integrating psychometric theory and methods with cognitive neuroscience for the assessment and interpretation of individual differences. The first section provides background on classic and modern psychometric theories and analytics. The second section details current approaches to t-fMRI individual difference analyses and their psychometric limitations. The last section uses data from the Human Connectome Project to provide illustrative examples of how t-fMRI individual differences research can benefit by utilizing latent variable models.

Indexed as

IndividualityMagnetic Resonance ImagingNeuroimagingBrainConnectomeHumansPsychometricsHuman connectome projectLatent variablePsychometricsStructural equation modeling

Identifiers

PMID30611798
PMCPMC6980382

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.