ArticlePediatric rheumatology online journal2019
Kawasaki disease shock syndrome: clinical characteristics and possible use of IL-6, IL-10 and IFN-γ as biomarkers for early recognition.
Article in Pediatric rheumatology online journal, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 96 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
96 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 151 citations in OpenAlex.
- Kawasaki Disease Shock Syndrome vs Classical Kawasaki Disease: A Meta-analysis and Comparison With SARS-CoV-2 Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome.The Canadian journal of cardiology · 2021Pooled it
- The JANUS of chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases onset during COVID-19 - A systematic review of the literature.Journal of autoimmunity · 2021Pooled it
- Comparison of Clinical Features and Inflammatory Markers between Kawasaki Disease Shock Syndrome and Kawasaki Disease without Shock: A Meta-Analysis.Journal of healthcare engineering · 2021Pooled it
- Phenotype, Susceptibility, Autoimmunity, and Immunotherapy Between Kawasaki Disease and Coronavirus Disease-19 Associated Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Pooled it
- Clinical Features in Children With Kawasaki Disease Shock Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2021Pooled it
- Interferon-γ as a predictive biomarker for macrophage activation syndrome in systemic JIA: a chinese multicenter study.Clinical rheumatology · 2026Article
- Superantigens as Contributors to the Etiology of Kawasaki Disease Shock Syndrome.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Incomplete Kawasaki Disease Versus Non-severe Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children: Distinguishing Features from Contemporaneous Patients.Pediatric cardiology · 2026Article
- Interleukin-17A, Interleukin-8, and Platelet Count Are Associated With Baseline Coronary Artery Lesions in Children With Kawasaki Disease: A Retrospective Exploratory Cohort Study.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2026Article
- Comparative study of post- COVID-19 Kawasaki disease and multisystem inflammatory syndrome cases at Alexandria University Children's Hospital.BMC pediatrics · 2026Article
- Predicting the Need for Infliximab in Kawasaki Disease Using N-Terminal Pro-Brain Natriuretic Peptide at Diagnosis.Pediatric cardiology · 2026Article
- Kawasaki disease shock syndrome with pulmonary involvement in a child: a case report.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Vitamin D and Kawasaki disease.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- Tocilizumab for the Treatment of Intravenous Immunoglobulin-Resistant Kawasaki Disease in Children: Two Case Reports and Literature Review.Journal of inflammation research · 2026Article
- From acute immune storm to lifelong vascular risk: a paradigm shift in Kawasaki disease as a chronic disease model.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Article
- Prediction nomogram of serum interferon-γ enable early identification of macrophage activation syndrome in children with Kawasaki disease.Clinical rheumatology · 2026Article
- The correlation and auxiliary diagnostic value of gut microbiota and serological indicators with Kawasaki disease complicated by coronary artery lesions.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Kawasaki Disease Shock Syndrome With Progressive AV Block and Atrioventricular Dissociation: Case Report.Journal of paediatrics and child health · 2026Article
- Predictive value of serum lipid for kawasaki disease shock syndrome: a prospective study.Immunologic research · 2025Article
- Immunological Profile in Atypical Kawasaki Disease: A Case Report Highlighting the Diagnostic Utility of Cytokine Analysis by qRT-PCR.Pediatric reports · 2025Article
36 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAs an acute febrile and inflammatory disease, Kawasaki disease (KD) could develop Kawasaki disease shock syndrome (KDSS) sometimes. However its pathogenesis was still not well known. This study was to learn more about the clinical features and evaluate the role of cytokines in the pathogenesis of KDSS.
methodsWe collected clinical and laboratory data retrospectively for all patients with KDSS(KDSS, n = 27)who were hospitalized at our hospital from Jan 2014 to Oct 2017. For patient with KDSS, we randomly identified 43 patients with KD as control subjects (KD, n = 43). Clinical features, laboratory evaluations were collected. Cytokines IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α and IFN-γ in serum were assayed using flow cytometric bead array.
resultsThe patients with KDSS were older age (43.41 ± 31.42 vs 28.81 ± 21.51 months, P < 0.05), longer duration of fever (10.63 ± 5.12 vs 6.98 ± 2.45 days, P < 0.05), higher WBC count, neutrophils, CRP, ESR, PCT and D-dimer, and lower hemoglobin and albumin, more severe hyponatremia and hypokalemia, more refractory to IVIG therapy, more coronary artery abnormalities (CAAs), aseptic meningitis, and longer duration of hospitalization than patients with KD (all P < 0.05). The levels of serum IL-6 [184.1 (27.7-2577.3) vs 54.1 (4-425) pg/ml], IL-10 [42.6 (5-236.7) vs 9.4 (3-94) pg/ml], TNF-α [2.6 (1.0-23.4) vs 2.1 (1-6) pg/ml] and IFN-γ [18.3 (4.5-94.4) vs 6.7 (2-56) pg/ml] in KDSS patients were significant higher than KD patients (all P < 0.05). ROC curves showed that 66.7 pg/ml of IL-6, 20.85 pg/ml of IL-10 and 8.35 pg/ml of IFN-γ had sensitivity and specificity for identifying KDSS as 85.2 and 62.8%; 66.7 and 83.7%; 74.1 and 74.4% respectively. No fatality was recorded in this series.
conclusionsKDSS were characteristic as more cytokine production and prone to developing IVIG non-responsiveness and CAAs. KD patients with IL-6 above 66.7 pg/ml, IL-10 above 20.85 pg/ml, and IFN-γ above 8.35 pg/ml suggested higher risk for KDSS.
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