Trial reportClinical pharmacokinetics2019
Developmental Pharmacokinetics and Age-Appropriate Dosing Design of Milrinone in Neonates and Infants with Acute Kidney Injury Following Cardiac Surgery.
Trial report in Clinical pharmacokinetics, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01966237 (USE OF ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY BIOMARKERS TO PREDICT IMPAIRED MILRINONE PHARMACOKINETICS IN CHILDREN FOLLOWING CARDIAC SURGERY), which is not on this map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Use of acute kidney injury biomarkers to predict impaired milrinone pharmacokinetics in children following cardiac surgery
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Application of Pharmacometric Modelling Towards Precise Dosing in Neonates, Infants and Toddlers: A Scoping Review.Clinical pharmacokinetics · 2026Review
- Clinical Model-Informed Precision Dosing Consult Service for Accelerating Personalized Medication in Pediatric Patients.Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics · 2026Review
- From PICU to NICU: Extrapolating Meropenem Exposure From Pediatric to Neonatal Intensive Care Patients.Journal of clinical pharmacology · 2026Article
- Time-Varying Clearance in Milrinone Pharmacokinetics from Premature Neonates to Adolescents.Clinical pharmacokinetics · 2024Article
- The relationship between simulated milrinone exposure and hypotension in children.Cardiology in the young · 2022Article
- Population Pharmacokinetic Modeling of Total and Free Ceftriaxone in Critically Ill Children and Young Adults and Monte Carlo Simulations Support Twice Daily Dosing for Target Attainment.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2022Article
- Circulating cyclic adenosine monophosphate concentrations in milrinone treated paediatric patients after congenital heart surgery.Cardiology in the young · 2021Observational
- Physiologic Indirect Response Modeling to Describe Buprenorphine Pharmacodynamics in Newborns Treated for Neonatal Opioid Withdrawal Syndrome.Clinical pharmacokinetics · 2021Article
- Population Pharmacokinetics of Milrinone in Infants, Children, and Adolescents.Journal of clinical pharmacology · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
objectiveMilrinone is used for the prevention of low cardiac output syndrome in pediatric patients after cardiac surgery. Milrinone is mainly eliminated by the kidneys; however, there is limited information on milrinone pharmacokinetics in infants who have acute kidney injury (AKI). The aim of this study was to develop a milrinone population pharmacokinetic model in neonates and infants with or without AKI. The developed milrinone pharmacokinetic model was utilized for a Monte Carlo simulation analysis to identify age-appropriate dosing regimens in neonates and infants.
methodsPopulation pharmacokinetic analysis was performed with a total of 1088 serum milrinone concentrations obtained from 92 infants as part of a prospective clinical study in neonates and infants following cardiac surgery (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT01966237). AKI stages were determined based on the Kidney Injury Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Clinical Practice Guideline within the first three postoperative days.
resultsA two-compartment model was found to adequately describe the pharmacokinetic data. Allometrically scaled body weight, AKI stages, and maturation function were identified as significant predictors of milrinone clearance. The proposed dosing regimens for milrinone continuous infusions were determined based on a target concentration attainment of simulated steady-state concentration and covered three age groups across 0-12 months of age for each AKI stage.
conclusionThis study provides a milrinone population pharmacokinetic model in neonates and infants and captures the developmental changes in clearance. Age-appropriate dosing regimens were determined based on the simulation analysis with the developed pharmacokinetic model. The findings will facilitate model-informed precision dosing of milrinone in infants with or without AKI.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.