SynthesisSystematic reviews2019
Prevalence of metabolic syndrome among HIV-positive and HIV-negative populations in sub-Saharan Africa-a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Systematic reviews, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06058845 (Efficacy of Tamarindus Indica Fruit Juice in Optimizing Cardiometabolic Health of Patients Living With HIV and Elevated Triglycerides), which is not on this map. Cited by 66 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Efficacy of Tamarindus Indica Fruit Juice in Optimizing Cardiometabolic Health of Patients Living With HIV and Elevated Triglycerides
Who cites it
66 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Prevalence of metabolic syndrome among people living with human immunodeficiency virus in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Scientific reports · 2024Pooled it
- A systematic review assessing the potential use of cystatin c as a biomarker for kidney disease in people living with HIV on antiretroviral therapy.Frontiers in medicine · 2024Pooled it
- Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in African populations: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2023Pooled it
- Association between HIV infection and hypertension: a global systematic review and meta-analysis of cross-sectional studies.BMC medicine · 2021Pooled it
- The Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in Ethiopian Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Journal of obesity · 2020Pooled it
- Hypertension and blood pressure changes with dolutegravir or comparator antiretroviral therapy in randomized trials through 96 weeks.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2025Trial
- Comparison of central obesity prevalence among adults living with and without HIV in Botswana: a cross-sectional study.BMJ open · 2025Trial
- Focusing on vulnerable populations in HIV.Chinese medical journal · 2026Article
- Food insecurity and cardiometabolic diseases among people with HIV in West Africa.AIDS (London, England) · 2026Article
- Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and metabolic dysfunction-associated alcohol-related liver disease in human immunodeficiency virus.World journal of virology · 2026Review
- Machine learning models for predicting metabolic syndrome to support clinical decision-making in ART-treated adults living with HIV.BMC medical informatics and decision making · 2026Article
- Metabolic syndrome and its risk factors among adults living with HIV receiving antiretroviral therapy in Zambia: an ambidirectional cohort study.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Vitamin D and the metabolic-associated steatotic liver disease-type 2 diabetes axis: a scoping-narrative review of global evidence and emerging perspectives for Sub-Saharan Africa.Frontiers in epidemiology · 2026Review
- Nutritional status and functional capacity among people living with HIV in routine care: a retrospective cohort study.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Prevalence and risk factors of hypertension and diabetes among persons living with HIV in Zambia: results of a national facility-based cross-sectional survey.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2025Article
- Metabolic syndrome among a Ghanaian cohort living with HIV initiated on dolutegravir in a real-world setting: a prospective study.BMJ open · 2025Observational
- Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in people living with HIV and its multi-organ damage: a prospective cohort study.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Change in WHO cardiovascular risk prediction over three years in PLWH on efavirenz-based ART.Southern African journal of HIV medicine · 2025Article
- Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in Iranian Adults Receiving Antiretroviral Treatment for HIV.Current HIV research · 2025Article
- Pathogenesis of HIV-Associated Metabolic Syndrome and Clinical Management Recommendations.International journal of general medicine · 2025Review
6 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundMetabolic syndrome (MetS) is a constellation of conditions that increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases. It is an emerging concern in sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries, particularly because of an increasingly aging population and lifestyle changes. There is an increased risk of MetS and its components among people living with Human immune deficiency syndrome (HIV) individuals; however, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in the SSA population and its differential contribution by HIV status is not yet established. This systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to estimate the pooled prevalence of metabolic syndrome in people living with HIV and uninfected populations, its variation by sub-components.
methodsWe performed a comprehensive search on major databases-MEDLINE (PubMed), EBSCOhost, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews and Web of sciences for original epidemiological research articles that compared proportions of the MetS and its subcomponents between people living with HIV and uninfected patients and published between January 1990-December 2017. The inclusion criteria were adults aged ≥ 18 years, with confirmed HIV status. We assessed the risk of bias using a prevalence studies tool, and random effect meta-analyses were used to compute the pooled overall prevalence.
resultsA total of four cross-sectional studies comprising 496 HIV uninfected and 731 infected participants were included in the meta-analysis. The overall prevalence of MetS among people living with HIV was 21.5% (95% CI 15.09-26.86) versus uninfected 12.0% (95% CI 5.00-21.00%), with substantial heterogeneity. The reported relative risk estimate for MetS among the two groups was twofold (RR 1.83, 95% CI 0.98-3.41), with an estimated predictive interval of 0.15 to 22.43 and P = 0.055 higher for the infected population. Hypertension was the most prevalent MetS sub-components, with diverse proportions of people living with HIV (5.2-50.0%) and uninfected (10.0-59.0%) populations.
conclusionsThe high range of MetS prevalence in the HIV-infected population compared to the uninfected population highlights the possible presence of HIV related drivers of MetS. Also, the reported high rate of MetS, irrespective of HIV status, indicates a major metabolic disorder epidemic that requires urgent prevention and management programs in SSA. Similarly, in the era of universal test and treat strategy among people living with HIV cohorts, routine check-up of MetS sub-components is required in HIV management as biomarkers. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: PROSPERO CRD42016045727.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.