ArticleThoracic cancer2019
Relationship between stromal cells and tumor spread through air spaces in lung adenocarcinoma.
Article in Thoracic cancer, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Research hotspots and trends in lung cancer STAS: a bibliometric and visualization analysis.Frontiers in oncology · 2024Pooled it
- Characterising cancer-associated fibroblast heterogeneity in non-small cell lung cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Scientific reports · 2021Pooled it
- Prognostic Implications of Tumor Spread Through Air Spaces in Patients with Resected Lung Adenocarcinoma.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis analysis of stage IB non-small cell lung cancer-a retrospective study from a Chinese medical center.Journal of thoracic disease · 2025Article
- Multidisciplinary Perspective of Spread Through Air Spaces in Lung Cancer: A Narrative Review.Cancers · 2025Review
- Review
- STAS: New explorations and challenges for thoracic surgeons.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2025Review
- Lung adenocarcinoma presenting with intrapulmonary metastases through air spaces concomitant with silicosis: a case report and literature review.Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.) · 2023Review
- Article
- Correlation of tumor microenvironment-related markers with clinical outcomes in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the lung.Translational lung cancer research · 2022Article
- Clinicopathological Impact of the Spread through Air Space in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Meta-Analysis.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Assessment of the feasibility of frozen sections for the detection of spread through air spaces (STAS) in pulmonary adenocarcinoma.Modern pathology : an official journal of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, Inc · 2022Article
- Histopathologic features from preoperative biopsies to predict spread through air spaces in early-stage lung adenocarcinoma: a retrospective study.BMC cancer · 2021Article
- Tumor spread through air spaces (STAS): prognostic significance of grading in non-small cell lung cancer.Modern pathology : an official journal of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, Inc · 2021Article
- Characterization of Tumor Microenvironment in Lung Adenocarcinoma Identifies Immune Signatures to Predict Clinical Outcomes and Therapeutic Responses.Frontiers in oncology · 2021Article
- Comprehensive analysis of spread through air spaces in lung adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma using the 8th edition AJCC/UICC staging system.BMC cancer · 2020Article
- Significance of tumor spread through air spaces (STAS) in lung cancer from the pathologist perspective.Translational lung cancer research · 2020Review
- Annexin A2 Expression in the Aerogenous Spread of Pulmonary Invasive Mucinous Adenocarcinoma with Gastric Lineage.Case reports in oncological medicine · 2020Article
- Spread Through Air Spaces (STAS) in Lung Cancer: A Multiple-Perspective and Update Review.Cancer management and research · 2020Review
- Spread through air spaces in non-small cell lung cancer.Journal of thoracic disease · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe mechanism underlying tumor spread through air spaces (STAS) has not been well studied. We investigated the role of tumor stromal cells in the pathogenesis of STAS from a pathological perspective and evaluated the prognostic significance of tumor stromal cells and STAS in postoperative patients with lung adenocarcinoma.
methodsWe retrospectively analyzed 208 postsurgical patients with stage I-IIIA lung adenocarcinoma. The presence of STAS was evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin staining. The expression of α-smooth muscle actin (SMA)-positive cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and CD204-positive tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) was analyzed by immunohistochemistry. A logistic regression model was applied to confirm the predictive factors of STAS. Survival analysis was performed to evaluate the effect of α-SMA-positive CAFs, CD204-positive TAMs, and STAS on prognosis. A nomogram was generated to evaluate the prognosis of postoperative patients.
resultsLogistic regression suggested that the expression of α-SMA-positive CAFs (P < 0.001) and the number of CD204-positive TAMs (P < 0.001) were related to the presence of STAS. The multivariate Cox proportional hazards model suggested that STAS (P = 0.004), α-SMA-positive CAFs (P < 0.001), and CD204-positive TAMs (P < 0.001) were independent risk factors for prognosis. Harrell's c-indexes for overall and recurrence-free survival prediction based on nomograms were 0.84 (95% confidence interval 0.76-0.91) and 0.82 (95% confidence interval 0.76-0.89), respectively.
conclusionsThe presence of STAS was associated with high expression of α-SMA and CD204 in lung adenocarcinoma. Nomograms including STAS and stromal cells as variables are recommended as practical models to evaluate the prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma patients.
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