ArticleDiabetology international2016
Combination of type 2 diabetes and smoking increases total cancer mortality in Japanese men using competing risk analysis: the Tanno-Sobetsu study.
Article in Diabetology international, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 4 citations in OpenAlex.
- A large-scale, observational study to investigate the current status of diabetes complication and their prevention in Japan: incidence/risk factors for malignancies during follow-up-JDCP study 11 (English version).Diabetology international · 2024Guideline
- Association of smoking cessation after new-onset type 2 diabetes with overall and cause-specific mortality among Korean men: a nationwide population-based cohort study.BMJ open diabetes research & care · 2020Article
- Prospective study of cancer in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes: the Fukuoka Diabetes Registry.Diabetology international · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
aimsWe assessed the impact of the combination of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and smoking on total cancer mortality using cohort data of a general Japanese population.
methodsOf 1908 residents who received health checkups in two towns in 1994, 794 males were included as study participants. Smoking status was defined as three categories: never smoker, ex-smoker and current smoker. Individuals with T2DM were defined as individuals with fasting plasma glucose ≥7.0 mmol/l and/or receiving medication for T2DM. Participants were divided into six groups according to T2DM and smoking status: non-DM (NDM) and never smoker, NDM and ex-smoker, NDM and current smoker, DM and never smoker, DM and ex-smoker, and DM and current smoker groups. All participants were followed up for a maximum of 13 years. We calculated the hazard ratio (HR) using Cox's proportional hazard model and subhazard ratio (SHR) using competing risk regression analyses in each group.
resultsDuring the follow-up period, there were 169 all-cause deaths (62 cancer deaths and 40 CVD deaths). When using Cox regression analysis, HRs were higher in the ex-smoker and current smoker groups than in the never-smoker group, and HRs were also higher in the DM groups than in the NDM groups. When using competing risk analysis, SHRs were almost the same as the HRs of Cox regression analysis (DM and ex-smoker 6.06, DM and current smoker 10.12).
conclusionsThe combination of T2DM and smoking is a strong risk factor for total cancer mortality in Japanese men.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.