Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30602380›Full record

ArticleMalaria journal2019

Is Saglin a mosquito salivary gland receptor for Plasmodium falciparum?

David A O'Brochta, Robert Alford, Robert Harrell, Channa Aluvihare, Abraham G Eappen, Tao Li, Sumana Chakravarty, B Kim Lee Sim, Stephen L Hoffman, Peter F Billingsley

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Malaria journal, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

David A O'BrochtaDepartment of Entomology and The Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, College Park, 9600 Gudelsky Drive, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA.
Robert AlfordDepartment of Entomology and The Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland, College Park, 9600 Gudelsky Drive, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA.
Robert HarrellUniversity of Maryland Insect Transformation Facility, The Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, 9600 Gudelsky Drive, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA.
Channa AluvihareUniversity of Maryland Insect Transformation Facility, The Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, 9600 Gudelsky Drive, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA.
Abraham G EappenSanaria Inc., 9800 Medical Center Drive, Suite A209, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA.
Tao LiSanaria Inc., 9800 Medical Center Drive, Suite A209, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA.
Sumana ChakravartySanaria Inc., 9800 Medical Center Drive, Suite A209, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA.
B Kim Lee SimSanaria Inc., 9800 Medical Center Drive, Suite A209, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA.
Stephen L HoffmanSanaria Inc., 9800 Medical Center Drive, Suite A209, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA.
Peter F BillingsleySanaria Inc., 9800 Medical Center Drive, Suite A209, Rockville, MD, 20850, USA. pbillingsley@sanaria.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1142-4813

Funding

Improving Production of Attenuated Malaria Sporozoite Vaccines through Genetic MoR43AI077262 · NIAID · SANARIA, INC. · PI BILLINGSLEY, PETER F. · 2008 to 2009
$600k
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases R43AI077262NIAID NIH HHS R43 AI077262
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSaglin, a 100 kDa protein composed of two 50 kDa homodimers, is present in the salivary glands of Anopheles gambiae and has been considered an essential receptor for sporozoites (SPZ) of Plasmodium berghei and Plasmodium falciparum (Pf), allowing SPZ to recognize, bind to, and infect mosquito salivary glands. Spatial and temporal patterns of Saglin expression reported here, however, suggest that this model does not fully describe the Saglin-SPZ interaction.

resultsSaglin protein was detected by indirect immunofluorescence microscopy only in the medial and proximal-lateral lobes, but not in the distal-lateral lobes, of the salivary glands of An. gambiae; the pattern of expression was independent of mosquito age or physiological state. These results were confirmed by steady-state Saglin transcript and protein expression using qRT-PCR and Western-blot analysis, respectively. Saglin was localized to the basal surface of the cells of the medial lobes and was undetectable elsewhere (intracellularly, on the lateral or apical membranes, the cells' secretory vacuoles, or in the salivary duct). In the cells of the proximal lateral lobes of the salivary glands, Saglin was distinctly intracellular and was not localized to any of the cell surfaces. Transgenic Anopheles stephensi were produced that expressed An. gambiae Saglin in the distal lateral lobes of the salivary gland. Additional Saglin expression did not enhance infection by PfSPZ compared to non-transgenic siblings fed on the same gametocyte-containing blood meal.

conclusionsThe absence of Saglin in the distal lateral lobes of the salivary glands, a primary destination for SPZ, suggests Saglin is not an essential receptor for Plasmodium SPZ. The lack of any correlation between increased Saglin expression in the distal lateral lobes of the salivary glands of transgenic An. stephensi and PfSPZ infection is also consistent with Saglin not being an essential salivary gland receptor for Plasmodium SPZ.

Indexed as

AnimalsAnophelesFemaleInsect ProteinsPlasmodium falciparumSalivary GlandsSporozoitesInsect ProteinsAnopheles gambiaeAnopheles stephensiMosquitoPlasmodium falciparumReceptorSaglinSalivary glandSporozoite

Identifiers

PMID30602380
PMCPMC6317240

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.