ArticlePloS one2019
Factors associated with hospitalization and death among TB/HIV co-infected persons in Porto Alegre, Brazil.
Article in PloS one, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 16 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Risk factors and mortality rates for children co-infected with HIV and TB in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.International health · 2026Pooled it
- Factors associated with severity of pulmonary tuberculosis in people living with and without HIV: a systematic review.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Pooled it
- Meta-analysis of TB & HIV co-infection mortality rate in sub-Saharan African children, youth, and adolescents.Italian journal of pediatrics · 2025Pooled it
- Mortality and predictors among HIV-TB co-infected patients in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2025Pooled it
- Burden of mortality and its predictors among TB-HIV co-infected patients in Ethiopia: Systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2024Pooled it
- Predicting treatment adherence in patients with drug-resistant tuberculosis: insights from socioeconomic, demographic, and clinical factors of patients in the rural Eastern Cape.Frontiers in tuberculosis · 2025Article
- Article
- Clusters of heterogeneity of tuberculosis-HIV coinfection in Brazil: a geospatial study.Revista de saude publica · 2024Article
- Models of integration of TB and HIV services and factors associated with perceived quality of TB-HIV integrated service delivery in O. R Tambo District, South Africa.BMC health services research · 2023Article
- Survival and predictors of death in tuberculosis/HIV coinfection cases in Porto Alegre, Brazil: A historical cohort from 2009 to 2013.PLOS global public health · 2021Article
- Psychometric properties of the Chinese Version of the Readiness for Hospital Discharge Scale for people living with HIV.International journal of nursing sciences · 2020Article
- Determinants of adherence to clinic appointments among tuberculosis and HIV co-infected individuals attending care at Helen Joseph Hospital, Johannesburg, South Africa.The Pan African medical journal · 2020Article
- Article
- A Four-Year Hospital-Based Retrospective Study of the Predictors of Tuberculosis in People Living with HIV and Receiving Care at Bamenda Regional Hospital, Cameroon.International journal of MCH and AIDS · 2020Article
- Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In locations with a high rate of tuberculosis (TB) and HIV infection, there are a number of strategies to prevent negative outcomes such as opportunistic infections, hospitalizations and death, and this article investigates risk factors for the occurrence of hospitalization and death in cases of TB/HIV co-infection in the south of Brazil. The data are taken from a population-based retrospective cohort study on cases of TB/HIV co-infection from 2009 to 2013 in Porto Alegre, Brazil. Sociodemographic, epidemiological and clinical variables were analyzed. Relative risk (RR) estimates for hospitalization and death were determined by regression models. There were 2,419 co-infection cases, of which 1,527 (63.1%) corresponded to hospitalizations, and 662 (27.4%) to death. The occurrence of hospitalization was associated with ≤ 7 years of schooling (RR = 3.47, 95%CI: 1.97-6.29), 8-11 years of schooling (RR = 2.56, 95%CI: 1.44-4.69), place of origin-district health authorities Northwest/Humaitá/Navegantes/Ilhas (RR = 2.01, 95%CI: 1.44-2.82), type of entry into the surveillance system as in cases of reentry after withdrawal (RR = 1,35, 95%CI: 1.07-1.70), closure in surveillance as in withdrawal of treatment (RR = 1.47, 95%CI: 1.18-1.83) and multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (RR = 3.94, 95%CI: 1.97-8.81). The occurrence of death was associated with age (RR = 1.07, 95%CI: 1,01-1,14), ≤ 7 years of schooling (RR = 3.94, 95%CI: 2.26-7.09), 8-11 years of schooling (RR = 2.84, 95%CI: 1.61-5.16), place of origin-district health authorities Baltazar (RR = 2.05, 95%CI: 1.48-2.86), type of entry in the surveillance system as cases of re-entry after withdrawal (RR = 1.53, 95%CI: 1.22-1.91), relapse (RR = 1.33, 95%CI: 1.03-1.73). The occurrence of hospitalizations and deaths is high among co-infected patients. Our estimation approach is important in order to identify, from the surveillance data, the risk factors for hospitalization and death in co-infected patients, so that they may receive more attention from the Brazilian national healthcare system.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.