ArticleWorld psychiatry : official journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA)2019
Internet-delivered psychological treatments: from innovation to implementation.
Article in World psychiatry : official journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA), 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 5 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 349 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Exploring the Impact of Online Yoga on Outcome and Recovery in People With Psychosis.
Beyond Efficacy- Eliciting Preference for Face-to-face and Internet-based Psychotherapy Among People with Depression: Using Discrete Choice Experiment to Advance Future Service Implementation
A Survey Study and Effect of Web-based Decision Aids on Preferences Shift
A Comparison of Two Ultra-brief Interventions in Primary Care for Patients With Anxiety, Depression, and Stress: a Randomized Controlled Trial.
Metacognitive Therapy for Depression and Generalized Anxiety Disorder in Primary Health Care, Feasibility of a Blended Mediated Treatment
Who cites it
349 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 695 citations in OpenAlex.
- Digital psychological interventions in youth with neurological disorders: a systematic review.Journal of pediatric psychology · 2026Pooled it
- Effectiveness and acceptability of cognitive-behavioural therapy delivery formats for obsessive-compulsive disorder: network meta-analysis.The British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science · 2026Pooled it
- Synchronous remote-based interventions for suicidal behaviour prevention: a systematic review and meta-analyses of clinical trials.BMJ open · 2025Pooled it
- Implementing Internet-Delivered Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Depression and Anxiety in Adults: Systematic Review.Journal of medical Internet research · 2025Pooled it
- Therapist-guided remote versus in-person cognitive behavioural therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne · 2024Pooled it
- Acceptance and commitment therapy reduces psychological distress in patients with cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Frontiers in psychology · 2023Pooled it
- Comparability of Patients in Trials of eHealth and Face-to-Face Psychotherapeutic Interventions for Depression: Meta-synthesis.Journal of medical Internet research · 2022Pooled it
- Trial
- Evaluation of Two Web-Based Interventions (REMOTION and Res-Up!) for Clients From Psychotherapy Waitlists in Routine Outpatient Psychotherapy (Therapy Online Plus-TOP): Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of medical Internet research · 2026Trial
- Long-Term Effectiveness of Unguided Internet-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy on Major Depressive Disorder in Chinese Adults: Randomized Controlled Trial With a 12-Month Follow-Up.JMIR mHealth and uHealth · 2026Trial
- Implementation of an Internet-based psychological intervention for the treatment of mild depression in primary care: a hybrid effectiveness-implementation approach.BMC public health · 2026Trial
- Smartphone CBT engagement and depressive symptoms: secondary analysis of the RESiLIENT trial using a time-varying exposure approach.Psychological medicine · 2026Trial
- Resilience as a Mediator in a Web-Based Intervention (MINDxYOU) to Reduce Stress Among Health Care Professionals: Stepped-Wedge Cluster Randomized Trial.JMIR mental health · 2026Trial
- Efficacy of a Smartphone-Based Digital Therapeutic (Anzeilax) in Generalized Anxiety Disorder: Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of medical Internet research · 2025Trial
- Internet-Based Behavioral Cough Suppression Therapy for Refractory Chronic Cough: A Randomized Controlled Trial.American journal of speech-language pathology · 2025Trial
- Guided Internet-Based Cognitive Behavior Therapy for Women With Bulimia Nervosa: A Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2025Trial
- Impact of a Digital Decision Aid When Choosing Between Face-to-Face and Guided Internet-Based Psychological Interventions for Depression Among Chinese-Speaking Participants in Hong Kong: Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of medical Internet research · 2025Trial
- Safety and Efficacy of Modular Digital Psychotherapy for Social Anxiety: Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of medical Internet research · 2025Trial
- Cost Utility Analysis of Internet-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Major Depressive Disorder: Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of medical Internet research · 2025Trial
- Dynamic Changes in ALFF and DC in Subthreshold Depression Before and After ICBT Intervention.Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment · 2025Trial
289 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Internet interventions, and in particular Internet-delivered cognitive behaviour therapy (ICBT), have existed for at least 20 years. Here we review the treatment approach and the evidence base, arguing that ICBT can be viewed as a vehicle for innovation. ICBT has been developed and tested for several psychiatric and somatic conditions, and direct comparative studies suggest that therapist-guided ICBT is more effective than a waiting list for anxiety disorders and depression, and tends to be as effective as face-to-face CBT. Studies on the possible harmful effects of ICBT are also reviewed: a significant minority of people do experience negative effects, although rates of deterioration appear similar to those reported for face-to-face treatments and lower than for control conditions. We further review studies on change mechanisms and conclude that few, if any, consistent moderators and mediators of change have been identified. A recent trend to focus on knowledge acquisition is considered, and a discussion on the possibilities and hurdles of implementing ICBT is presented. The latter includes findings suggesting that attitudes toward ICBT may not be as positive as when using modern information technology as an adjunct to face-to-face therapy (i.e., blended treatment). Finally, we discuss future directions, including the role played by technology and machine learning, blended treatment, adaptation of treatment for minorities and non-Western settings, other therapeutic approaches than ICBT (including Internet-delivered psychodynamic and interpersonal psychotherapy as well as acceptance and commitment therapy), emerging regulations, and the importance of reporting failed trials.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.