ArticleEnvironmental research2019
New approach to identifying proper thresholds for a heat warning system using health risk increments.
Article in Environmental research, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 76 citations in OpenAlex.
- A systematic review and meta-analysis on heat thresholds for maternal health and birth outcomes.Nature communications · 2026Pooled it
- Building the model: a review of input structures in extreme temperature-health.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2026Pooled it
- A Systematic Review of Heat Health Warning Systems: Enhancing the Framework Towards Effective Health Outcomes.Current environmental health reports · 2025Pooled it
- Vulnerable to heat stress: gaps in international standard metric thresholds.International journal of biometeorology · 2024Pooled it
- Article
- Evaluation of heat warning thresholds with multiple lagged and cumulative health impacts based on a 20-year population database.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Determining Location-Specific Thresholds for Heat Warning Systems to Mitigate Heatstroke Mortality in Japan.Environment & health (Washington, D.C.) · 2026Article
- Effects of heat exposure on self-reported heat strain symptoms among pregnant and postpartum women in South Africa.npj digital public health · 2026Article
- Opposite Association Between Wet-Bulb Globe Temperature With Central Obesity in Different Geographic Regions in Taiwan.International journal of endocrinology · 2026Article
- Definition of mortality-associated thermal markers for an extreme heat alert system in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.Revista brasileira de epidemiologia = Brazilian journal of epidemiology · 2026Article
- Ambient temperature as a proxy indicator for carbon monoxide poisoning risk: deriving exploratory reference points for public health monitoring in Chengdu, China.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Spatial regression analysis of land use impact on land surface temperature in four East Asian metropolises.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Association between wet-bulb globe temperature with peptic ulcer disease in different geographic regions in a large Taiwanese population study.BMC gastroenterology · 2025Article
- Historical and future heat-related mortality in Portugal's Alentejo region.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Association Between Self-Reported Protective Behavior and Heat-Associated Health Complaints Among Patients With Chronic Diseases in Primary Care: Results of the CLIMATE Pilot Cohort Study.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2024Observational
- Projections of Climate Change Impact on Acute Heat Illnesses in Taiwan: Case-Crossover Study.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2024Article
- The significant mechanism and treatments of cell death in heatstroke.Apoptosis : an international journal on programmed cell death · 2024Review
- Changes in wet bulb globe temperature and risk to heat-related hazards in Bangladesh.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Shifting focus: Time to look beyond the classic physiological adaptations associated with human heat acclimation.Experimental physiology · 2024Review
- Survey of extreme heat public health preparedness plans and response activities in the most populous jurisdictions in the United States.BMC public health · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundA critical adaptation strategy for reducing heat-related health risk under climate change is to establish a heat warning system with a proper threshold that requires evaluation of heat-health relationships using empirical data.
objectivesThis work presents a new approach to selecting proper health-based thresholds for a heat warning system which are different from thresholds of heat-health relationship.
methodsThe proposed approach examined heat-health relationships through analyzing 15 years of health records with a modified generalized additive model (GAM), compared risk ratio increments (RRIs) of threshold candidates against a reference, assessed frequency of days above these candidates, and presented results graphically for easy communication. The candidate with the maximum RRI and proper occurring frequency is potentially the best threshold. Three heat indicators, including wet-bulb globe temperature (WBGT), temperature (T), and apparent temperature (AT), as well as three health outcomes, including all-cause mortality, heat-related hospital admissions, and heat-related emergency visits were evaluated.
resultsRisk ratios for all three health outcomes showed a consistent rising trend with increasing threshold candidates for all three heat indicators among different age and gender groups. WBGT had the most obvious increasing trend of RRIs with the three health outcomes. The maximum RRI was observed in heat-related emergency visits (242%), followed by heat-related hospital admissions (73%), and all-cause mortality (9%). The RRIs assessed for the three health outcomes pointed to the same thresholds, 33.0 °C, 34.0 °C, and 37.5 °C for WBGT, T, and AT, respectively. The number of days above these thresholds and for warning to be issued ranged between 0 and 7 days during 2000-2014. DISCUSSION: This study demonstrated a new approach to determining heat-warning thresholds with different heat indicators and health outcomes. The proposed approach provides a straightforward, feasible, and flexible scientific tool that assists the authorities around the world in selecting a proper threshold for a heat warning system.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.