Observational studyPloS one2018
Physical activity and sedentary behavior impacts on dietary water intake and hydration status in Spanish schoolchildren: A cross-sectional study.
Observational study in PloS one, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Associations Between Combinations of 24-Hour Movement Behaviors and Dietary Outcomes in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review.Nutrients · 2024Pooled it
- Water Consumption during a School Day and Children's Short-Term Cognitive Performance: The CogniDROP Randomized Intervention Trial.Nutrients · 2020Trial
- Trial
- The Role of Hydration in Children and Adolescents-A Theoretical Framework for Reviewing Recommendations, Models, and Empirical Studies.Nutrients · 2025Review
- Children, Adolescents and Urine Hydration Indices-A Systematic Literature Review on Athletes and Non-Athletes.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Article
- The Relationship between Fluid Milk, Water, and 100% Juice and Health Outcomes among Children and Adolescents.Nutrients · 2022Review
- Interaction of Hydration Status and Physical Activity Level on Early Renal Damage in Children: A Longitudinal Study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Article
- The Negative Impact of Parental Smoking on Adolescents' Health-Promoting Behaviors: A Cross-Sectional Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Physical activity practice and sports preferences in a group of Spanish schoolchildren depending on sex and parental care: a gender perspective.BMC pediatrics · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe importance of maintaining an adequate hydration status and the complexity of the water balance make it necessary to study the lifestyle factors that can influence or modify these variables. The aim of this study was to evaluate the hydration status and dietary water intake for a sample of Spanish schoolchildren from 7 to 12 years old and their associations with physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviors.
methodsA total of 242 schoolchildren was studied (49.17% females). A 24-hour urine sample was collected from each child, and the urine volume and osmolality were measured to estimate the hydration status (adequate hydration ≤800 mOsm/kg). In addition, a 3-day dietary record was completed to evaluate their water intake according to EFSA parameters. Dietary information was processed with DIAL software, and a statistical analysis was performed using SPSS. Student's t-test was used to study the normal variables, and the Mann-Whitney U test was used for those that were not normal. In the case of the categorical variables, the Z and Chi-Square proportions tests were used. The Bonferroni test was used to adjust the values in multiple comparisons. To evaluate the influence of these lifestyles on the urine osmolality, a 2-way ANOVA and an odds ratio were used.
resultsA total of 48.3% of the sample presented an adequate hydration status, and the percentage was significantly higher in females (p = 0.003). Only 20.9% showed an adequate intake of dietary water. The lifestyle influence reveals that more inactive and non-sedentary schoolchildren were adequately hydrated (p = 0.008). PA (practice ≥1 h/day) was associated with a higher risk of having an inadequate hydration status, even when accounting for sex and other lifestyle factors (OR = 1.753(1.006-3.054), p = 0.048).
conclusionsApproximately half of the participants presented an inadequate hydration status (which was higher in males than in females). PA (practice ≥1 h/day) was associated with a higher risk of inadequate hydration. This fact highlighted the importance of raising awareness about hydration in children, especially in ones who are more active.
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