Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30596469›Full record

ArticleJournal of behavioral addictions2018

Social influences normalize gambling-related harm among higher risk gamblers.

Alex M T Russell, Erika Langham, Nerilee Hing

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Journal of behavioral addictions, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
25citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

25 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  10. Sex and Age Differences and Psychosocial Determinants of Regular Gambling: Insights from a Community-Based Study.European journal of investigation in health, psychology and education · 2025
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  19. Part of the Game? Exploring the Prevalence and Normalization of Gambling in Belgian Sports Clubs.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Alex M T Russell1 Experimental Gambling Research Laboratory, School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, CQUniversity , Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Erika Langham2 Centre for Indigenous Health Equity Research, School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, CQUniversity , Cairns, QLD, Australia.
Nerilee Hing3 Experimental Gambling Research Laboratory, School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, CQUniversity , Bundaberg, QLD, Australia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND

aimsSocial influences are key drivers of gambling, and can begin in youth through parental modeling and facilitation. Over time, social influence from friends and colleagues also becomes important. Social network analysis provides a method to measure the combined nature of these social influences. This study aimed to compare social influences across gambling risk groups, by examining key characteristics of the social networks, among Australian adults.

methodsA total of 784 respondents (egos) reported their demographics, gambling behavior and gambling risk, as well as those of the 20 most influential people in their lives (alters). Egos also reported the strength of the connection between themselves and each of their alters, and between each pair of alters. Data were analyzed using egocentric social network analysis approaches.

resultsEgos in higher risk groups reported more alters who gamble, including a higher proportion experiencing gambling-related harm. Relationship strength indicated that egos in higher risk groups tended to feel closer to their alters, regardless of whether the alter gambles or not. Network density (interconnectedness between alters) was greater for egos in higher risk groups. DISCUSSION AND

conclusionsThe findings indicate that both gambling behavior and gambling-related harm are normalized through social connections. Greater interconnectedness in the networks of higher risk gamblers indicates difficulties in reducing or removing these influences. The findings indicate limitations of individualised interventions, and instead highlight the important role of changing norms within society, which can be transmitted throughout these networks.

Indexed as

Interpersonal RelationsSocial NetworkingAdolescentAdultAgedFemaleGamblingHumansMaleMiddle AgedRiskVictoriaYoung Adultegocentric social network analysisgamblingharminfluencenormalizationsocial network analysis

Identifiers

PMID30596469
PMCPMC6376388

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.