ArticleJournal of experimental psychology. General2019
Domain-general enhancements of metacognitive ability through adaptive training.
Article in Journal of experimental psychology. General, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 59 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
59 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Episodic and semantic feeling-of-knowing in aging: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Scientific reports · 2023Pooled it
- Towards an integrative neuroscience of metacognition.Nature reviews. Neuroscience · 2026Review
- Perceptual meta-uncertainty reveals enhanced calibration of sensory confidence in autism.Science advances · 2026Article
- Own and others' confidence in social information use.iScience · 2026Article
- Mindfulness, Metacognition and Neuropsychological Functioning in Indian Men with Opioid Dependence: Implications for Addiction Recovery and Rehabilitation.Annals of neurosciences · 2026Article
- Metacognitive training facilitates optimal cognitive offloading.Cognitive research: principles and implications · 2026Article
- Metacognitive efficiency in learned value-based choice.PLoS computational biology · 2026Article
- Article
- Perceptual metacognition and self-esteem: the role of feedback valence in local and global monitoring bias.BMC psychology · 2025Article
- Computational and Neuronal Basis of Visual Confidence.Annual review of vision science · 2025Review
- Metacognition and Cognitive Flexibility in Autistic and Neurotypically-Developing Populations.Brain and behavior · 2025Article
- Facilitating clinical reasoning for medical students in clinical settings: a scoping review.Korean journal of medical education · 2025Article
- Noradrenergic and Dopaminergic modulation of meta-cognition and meta-control.PLoS computational biology · 2025Article
- Invisible Gorillas in the Mind: Internal Inattentional Blindness and the Prospect of Introspection Training.Open mind : discoveries in cognitive science · 2025Article
- Implicit manifestation of prospective metacognition in betting choices enhances its efficiency compared to explicit expression.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2025Article
- Protocol for evaluation of iTEST, a novel blended intervention to enhance introspective accuracy in psychotic disorders.NPP - digital psychiatry and neuroscience · 2025Article
- Online self-evaluation of fMRI-based neurofeedback performance.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2024Article
- Neural Correlates of Metacognition Impairment in Opioid Addiction.Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging · 2024Article
- Metacognition as a window into subjective affective experience.Psychiatry and clinical neurosciences · 2024Review
- The future of metacognition research: Balancing construct breadth with measurement rigor.Cortex; a journal devoted to the study of the nervous system and behavior · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The metacognitive ability to introspect about self-performance varies substantially across individuals. Given that effective monitoring of performance is deemed important for effective behavioral control, intervening to improve metacognition may have widespread benefits, for example in educational and clinical settings. However, it is unknown whether and how metacognition can be systematically improved through training independently of task performance, or whether metacognitive improvements generalize across different task domains. Across 8 sessions, here we provided feedback to two groups of participants in a perceptual discrimination task: an experimental group (n = 29) received feedback on their metacognitive judgments, while an active control group (n = 32) received feedback on their decision performance only. Relative to the control group, adaptive training led to increases in metacognitive calibration (as assessed by Brier scores), which generalized both to untrained stimuli and an untrained task (recognition memory). Leveraging signal detection modeling we found that metacognitive improvements were driven both by changes in metacognitive efficiency (meta-d'/d') and confidence level, and that later increases in metacognitive efficiency were positively mediated by earlier shifts in confidence. Our results reveal a striking malleability of introspection and indicate the potential for a domain-general enhancement of metacognitive abilities. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2018 APA, all rights reserved).
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.