ArticleReproductive toxicology (Elmsford, N.Y.)2019
Reproductive and hormone-related outcomes in women whose mothers were exposed in utero to diethylstilbestrol (DES): A report from the US National Cancer Institute DES Third Generation Study.
Article in Reproductive toxicology (Elmsford, N.Y.), 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 60 citations in OpenAlex.
- In utero exposure to diethylstilbestrol and blood DNA methylation in adult women: Results from a meta-analysis of two cohort studies.Environmental research · 2023Pooled it
- Field cancerization, accelerated aging, and immunosuppression: the rapid rise of hormone-sensitive and early-onset breast cancer.NPJ breast cancer · 2025Review
- Environmental Xenobiotics and Epigenetic Modifications: Implications for Human Health and Disease.Journal of xenobiotics · 2025Review
- Impact of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) on epigenetic regulation in the uterus: a narrative review.Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E · 2025Review
- Multigenerational association between smoking and autism spectrum disorder: findings from a nationwide prospective cohort study.American journal of epidemiology · 2024Article
- Early Female Transgender Identity after Prenatal Exposure to Diethylstilbestrol: Report from a French National Diethylstilbestrol (DES) Cohort.Journal of xenobiotics · 2024Article
- Prenatal exposure to diethylstilbestrol has long-lasting, transgenerational impacts on fertility and reproductive development.Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology · 2023Article
- Birth Outcomes in DES Children and Grandchildren: A Multigenerational National Cohort Study on Informative Families.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Observational
- Transgenerational inheritance and its modulation by environmental cues.Current topics in developmental biology · 2023Article
- c4c: Paediatric pharmacovigilance: Methodological considerations in research and development of medicines for children - A c4c expert group white paper.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2022Review
- Racial and Ethnic Variation in Genetic Susceptibility: Are Disparities in Infertility Prevalence and Outcomes more than Black and White?Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.) · 2022Article
- Impact of Endocrine Disruptors upon Non-Genetic Inheritance.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Grandmothers' endocrine disruption during pregnancy, low birth weight, and preterm birth in third generation.International journal of epidemiology · 2022Article
- Are the Effects of DES Over? A Tragic Lesson from the Past.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Review
- Multigenerational endometriosis : consequence of fetal exposure to diethylstilbestrol ?Environmental health : a global access science source · 2021Article
- Experimental Evidence of 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlordibenzo-p-Dioxin (TCDD) Transgenerational Effects on Reproductive Health.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Association Between Periconceptional Weight of Maternal Grandmothers and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in Grandchildren.JAMA network open · 2021Article
- First trimester mechanisms of gestational sac placental and foetal teratogenicity: a framework for birth cohort studies.Human reproduction update · 2021Review
- Review
- Estrogen-related receptors: novel potential regulators of osteoarthritis pathogenesis.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 8 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAnimal studies suggest that prenatal exposure to diethylstilbestrol (DES) causes epigenetic alterations in primordial germ cells that affect the next generation, but human studies are sparse.
methodsWe assessed hormonally mediated outcomes in third generation women whose mothers were prenatally DES-exposed and unexposed.
resultsCompared to the unexposed, DES-exposed third generation women had an increased risk of irregular menses and amenorrhea; the respective prevalence ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CI) in follow-up data were 1.32 (95% CI: 1.10, 1.60) and 1.26 (95% CI: 1.06, 1.49); associations were more apparent in third generation women whose prenatally DES-exposed mothers were affected by vaginal epithelial changes. The follow-up data also indicated an association with preterm delivery (relative risk (RR): 1.54; 95% CI: 1.35, 1.75).
conclusionDES third generation women may have an increased risk of irregular menstrual cycles, amenorrhea, and preterm delivery, consistent with inter-generational effects of endocrine disrupting chemical exposure in humans.
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Registered trials
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