Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30590103›Full record

ReviewSurvey of ophthalmology

The persistent dilemma of microbial keratitis: Global burden, diagnosis, and antimicrobial resistance.

Lawson Ung, Paulo J M Bispo, Swapna S Shanbhag, Michael S Gilmore, James Chodosh

Registry-linked trialAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Survey of ophthalmology. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07452588 (Effect of Sodium Chloride 5% Solution as an Adjuvant Treatment With Antimicrobial Therapy in the Treatment of Bacterial Infectious Keratitis), which is not on this map. Cited by 259 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
259citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT07452588 nanot yet recruitingnot on this map

Effect of Sodium Chloride 5% Solution as an Adjuvant Treatment With Antimicrobial Therapy in the Treatment of Bacterial Infectious Keratitis

TypeinterventionalSponsorSohag UniversityRan2026 to 2027Enrolled40ConditionsInfectious Keratitis, Adjuvant Treatment Bacterial Infectious Keratitis, Sodium Chloride 5% SolutionArmsSodium chloride 5% solution, quinolones
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

259 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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199 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Lawson UngDepartment of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Paulo J M BispoDepartment of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Infectious Disease Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Swapna S ShanbhagDepartment of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Tej Kohli Cornea Institute, L. V. Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India.
Michael S GilmoreDepartment of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Infectious Disease Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
James ChodoshDepartment of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Infectious Disease Institute, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. Electronic address: james_chodosh@meei.harvard.edu.

Funding

Immunopathogenesis of Adenovirus KeratitisR01EY013124 · NEI · UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA HLTH SCIENCES CTR · PI James Chodosh, Jaya Rajaiya · 2001 to 2026
$10.8M
Novel Mechanisms in Adenoviral Ocular PathogenesisR01EY021558 · NEI · UNIVERSITY OF NEW MEXICO HEALTH SCIS CTR · PI James Chodosh, Jaya Rajaiya · 2011 to 2026
$7.1M
Molecular Basis for Ocular Surface Tropism in ConjunctivitisR01EY024285 · NEI · MASSACHUSETTS EYE AND EAR INFIRMARY · PI GILMORE, MICHAEL S · 2014 to 2017
$1.6M
NEI NIH HHS R01 EY013124NEI NIH HHS R01 EY021558NEI NIH HHS R01 EY024285
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Microbial keratitis is a potentially blinding condition that must be treated emergently to preserve vision. Although long recognized as a significant cause of corneal blindness, our understanding of its true global scale, associated burden of disease, and etiological patterns remains somewhat limited. Current epidemiological data suggest that microbial keratitis may be epidemic in parts of the world-particularly within South, South-East, and East Asia-and may exceed 2 million cases per year worldwide. Etiological patterns vary between economically developed and developing countries, with bacterial predominance in the former and fungal predominance in the latter. The key to effective management lies in timely diagnosis; however, the current gold standard of stain and culture remains time consuming and often yields no clinically useful results. For this reason, there are attempts to develop highly sensitive and accurate molecular diagnostic tools to provide rapid diagnosis, inform treatment decision making, and minimize the threat of antimicrobial resistance. We provide an overview of these key areas and of avenues for further research toward the goal of more effectively addressing the problem of microbial keratitis on both an individual and public health level.

Indexed as

Drug Resistance, BacterialEye Infections, BacterialEye Infections, FungalKeratitisAnti-Bacterial AgentsHumansAnti-Bacterial Agentsantimicrobial resistancebacterial keratitisepidemiologyetiologyfungal keratitismicrobial keratitis

Identifiers

PMID30590103
PMCPMC7021355

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.