Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30586870›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2018

Willingness to Pay for Condoms among Men in Sub-Saharan Africa.

William Evans, Kuyosh Kadirov, Ibou Thior, Ramakrishnan Ganesan, Alec Ulasevich, Bidia Deperthes

Abstract readComparative Study
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Systematic Review of Peer-Reviewed Literature on Global Condom Promotion Programs.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020
    Pooled it
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

William EvansMilken Institute of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA. wdevans@gwu.edu.ORCID 0000-0002-7559-1592
Kuyosh KadirovUnited States Agency for International Development, Washington, DC 20523, USA. kkadirov@usaid.gov.ORCID 0000-0002-9657-1961
Ibou ThiorJohn Snow Incorporated, Arlington, VA 22209, USA. Ibou_thior@jsi.com.
Ramakrishnan GanesanAbt Associates, Rockville, MD 20852, USA. ram_ganesan@abtassoc.com.
Alec UlasevichUlasevich Social Science Research, Silver Spring, MD 20902, USA. alec.ulasevich@gmail.com.
Bidia DeperthesUnited Nations Family Planning Agency, New York, NY 10158, USA. deperthes@unfpa.org.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

HIV/AIDS and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs) continue to be among the greatest public health threats worldwide, especially in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Condom use remains an essential intervention to eradicate AIDS, and condom use is now higher than ever. However, free and subsidized condom funding is declining. Research on how to create healthy markets based on willingness to pay for condoms is critically important. This research has three primary aims: (1) willingness of free condom users in five African countries to pay for socially marketed condoms; (2) the relationship between specific population variables and condom brand marketing efforts and willingness to pay; and (3) potential opportunities to improve condom uptake. Nationally representative samples of at least 1200 respondents were collected in Kenya, Nigeria, South Africa, Zambia, and Zimbabwe. We collected data on a range of demographic factors, including condom use, sexual behavior, awareness of condom brands, and willingness to pay. We estimated multivariate linear regression models and found that free condom users are overwhelmingly willing to pay for condoms overall (over 90% in Nigeria) with variability by country. Free users were consistently less willing to pay for condoms if they had a positive identification with their free brand in Kenya and Zimbabwe, suggesting that condom branding is a critical strategy. Ability to pay was negatively correlated with willingness, but users who could not obtain free condoms were willing to pay for them in Kenya and Zimbabwe. In a landscape of declining donor funding, this research suggests opportunities to use scarce funds for important efforts such as campaigns to increase demand, branding of condoms, and coordination with commercial condom manufacturers to build a healthy total market approach for the product. Free condoms remain an important HIV/AIDS prevention tool. Building a robust market for paid condoms in SSA is a public health priority.

Indexed as

Social MarketingAcquired Immunodeficiency SyndromeAdultCondomsHIV InfectionsHumansKenyaMaleMiddle AgedNigeriaSafe SexSexual BehaviorSexually Transmitted DiseasesSouth AfricaZambiaZimbabwebrandingcondomsHIV/STIssocial marketingsub-Saharan Africawillingness to pay

Identifiers

PMID30586870
PMCPMC6339129

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.