ArticleMenopause (New York, N.Y.)2018
Menopausal hormone therapy trends before versus after 2002: impact of the Women's Health Initiative Study Results.
Article in Menopause (New York, N.Y.), 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 46 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
46 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Patient Preferences Regarding Menopausal Symptoms and Treatments: A Systematic Review of Quantitative Stated-Preference Studies.The patient · 2026Pooled it
- The Efficacy of Cheonggukjang in Alleviating Menopausal Syndrome and Its Effects on the Gut Microbiome: A Randomized, Double-Blind Trial.Nutrients · 2025Trial
- Long-term cognitive effects of menopausal hormone therapy: Findings from the KEEPS Continuation Study.PLoS medicine · 2024Trial
- The acute effects of exercise intensity and inorganic nitrate supplementation on vascular health in females after menopause.Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2023Trial
- Randomized Trial Evaluation of the Benefits and Risks of Menopausal Hormone Therapy Among Women 50-59 Years of Age.American journal of epidemiology · 2021Trial
- A phase 2b, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, dose-ranging study of the neurokinin 3 receptor antagonist fezolinetant for vasomotor symptoms associated with menopause.Menopause (New York, N.Y.) · 2020Trial
- Patterns of menopausal hormone therapy dispensing over 15 years-A Swedish register-based cohort study.Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica · 2026Article
- Insurance Type and Menopausal Hormone Therapy Use Among US Women.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Substance use and menopausal hormone therapy: Treatment initiation and interruption among US women with and without HIV, 2008-2019.International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics · 2026Article
- Special issue editorial: Menopause, andropause, and mental health.Comprehensive psychoneuroendocrinology · 2026Article
- Trends and expenditures in polypharmacy and hyperpolypharmacy among older adults in the United States, 2002-2017.BMC geriatrics · 2026Article
- Hormone replacement therapy and cardiovascular risk in postmenopausal women.European heart journal open · 2026Review
- Menopausal hormone therapy and long term mortality: nationwide, register based cohort study.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2026Article
- A survey to understand the experience, perceptions, and stigma around menopause among African American women.Preventive medicine reports · 2026Article
- Vaginal Estrogen Utilization Among Medicare Beneficiaries With Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- Recent investigations on the impact of levonorgestrel and 17β-ethinylestradiol on melanoma.Journal of medicine and life · 2025Article
- Not your mother's hormone therapy: Highly selective estrogen receptor beta agonists as next-generation therapies for menopausal symptom relief.Hormones and behavior · 2025Review
- Use of menopausal hormone therapy before and after diagnosis and ovarian cancer survival-A prospective cohort study in Australia.International journal of cancer · 2025Article
- Characterization and Treatment Patterns of Peri/Menopausal and Postmenopausal Women with and Without Vasomotor Symptoms in a Retrospective Database Study.Women's health reports (New Rochelle, N.Y.) · 2025Article
- Menopausal Hormone Therapy Use Among Postmenopausal Women.JAMA health forum · 2024Article
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7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo better understand how to educate patients and providers about study findings relevant to treatment guidelines, we assessed pre- versus post-Women's Health Initiative (WHI) differences in menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) initiation and continuation and their correlates, and in women's reasons for initiation and discontinuation.
methodsWe analyzed survey data from up to 14 approximately annual visits over 17 years (1996-2013) from 3,018 participants in the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation, a prospective cohort study. We used logistic regression to compare pre- versus post-WHI associations of covariates with MHT initiation and continuation, and to compare pre- versus post-WHI reasons for initiation and continuation.
resultsMHT initiation dropped from 8.6% pre-WHI to 2.8% post-WHI (P < 0.0001), and the corresponding decrease in MHT continuation was 84.0% to 62.0% (P < 0.0001). Decreases in MHT initiation and continuation occurred across a range of participant subgroups, consistent with wide dissemination of post-WHI recommendations. However, contrary to current guidelines, we found large declines in MHT use in subgroups for whom MHT is often recommended, that is, younger women and those with more vasomotor symptoms. Post-WHI, women's reasons for MHT initiation and discontinuation reflected concerns highlighted by WHI results. The largest declines in initiation reasons were for reducing risks of osteoporosis and heart disease, whereas the largest increases in discontinuation reasons were for media reports and provider advice.
conclusionsImmediate post-WHI recommendations for MHT use were widely adopted. MHT risks documented in older women, however, may have led younger symptomatic women to forgo MHT for symptom relief.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.