ArticleAIDS research and human retroviruses2019
Increased Cervical CD4
Article in AIDS research and human retroviruses, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Injectable Contraceptives Differentially Affect Select CD4+ HIV-1 Target Cells in the Genital Tract but Not Systemically: Implications for HIV-1 Acquisition.American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2025Trial
- Systems analysis reveals differential expression of endocervical genes in African women randomized to DMPA-IM, LNG implant or cu-IUD.Clinical immunology (Orlando, Fla.) · 2023Trial
- Impact of etonogestrel implant use on T-cell and cytokine profiles in the female genital tract and blood.PloS one · 2020Trial
- HIV-Exposed Seronegative Female Sex Workers Show Different Cellular Immune Profiles Across the Menstrual Cycle.American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2025Article
- Spatial transcriptomics unveils estrogen-modulated immune responses and structural alterations in the ectocervical mucosa of depot medroxyprogesterone acetate users.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Update on the Impact of Depot Medroxyprogesterone Acetate on Vaginal Mucosal Endpoints and Relevance to Sexually Transmitted Infections.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2023Review
- Glucocorticoids and medroxyprogesterone acetate synergize with inflammatory stimuli to selectively upregulate CCL20 transcription.Molecular and cellular endocrinology · 2023Article
- Increased HIV-1 infection in PBMCs treated in vitro with menstrual cycle phase hormones or medroxyprogesterone acetate likely occurs via different mechanisms.American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2022Article
- Preserved Mucosal-Associated Invariant T Cells in the Cervical Mucosa of HIV-Infected Women with Dominant Expression of the TRAV1-2-TRAJ20 T Cell Receptor α-Chain.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2022Article
- Multi-omics analysis of the cervical epithelial integrity of women using depot medroxyprogesterone acetate.PLoS pathogens · 2022Article
- Regular Use of Depot Medroxyprogesterone Acetate Causes Thinning of the Superficial Lining and Apical Distribution of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Target Cells in the Human Ectocervix.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2022Article
- Systems Analysis Reveals Contraceptive-Induced Alteration of Cervicovaginal Gene Expression in a Randomized Trial.Frontiers in reproductive health · 2022Article
- An updated review on the effects of depot medroxyprogesterone acetate on the mucosal biology of the female genital tract.American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2021Review
- Low-Dose Acetylsalicylic Acid Reduces T Cell Immune Activation: Potential Implications for HIV Prevention.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Vaginal microbiome-hormonal contraceptive interactions associate with the mucosal proteome and HIV acquisition.PLoS pathogens · 2020Article
- Zim CHIC: A cohort study of immune changes in the female genital tract associated with initiation and use of contraceptives.American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2020Observational
- Is the Injectable Contraceptive Depo-Medroxyprogesterone Acetate (DMPA-IM) Associated with an Increased Risk for HIV Acquisition? The Jury Is Still Out.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2020Article
- Depletion and activation of mucosal CD4 T cells in HIV infected women with HPV-associated lesions of the cervix uteri.PloS one · 2020Article
- Differential Elevation of Inflammation and CD4Frontiers in immunology · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) is the most common hormonal contraceptive used by women in sub-Saharan Africa, however, it has been epidemiologically associated with HIV infections. To assess whether DMPA has an effect on the number and activation of HIV target cells, this study assessed the levels and phenotype of blood- and mucosal-derived HIV target cells among women using DMPA. Thirty-five HIV uninfected women from the Pumwani Sex Worker cohort from Nairobi, Kenya were enrolled in the study (15 using DMPA and 20 not using hormonal contraception). Blood (plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cells) and cervicovaginal (lavage, cervical cells, and ectocervical biopsies) samples were collected. Cellular phenotype and activation status were determined by flow cytometry, cytokine levels were assessed by bead array and image analysis assessed cell number and phenotype in situ. In blood, the proportion of HIV target cells and activated T cells was lower in DMPA users versus those not using hormonal contraceptives. However, analysis of cervical mononuclear cells showed that DMPA users had elevated levels of activated T cells (CD4
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.