ArticleInternational journal of nanomedicine2018
Stability, safety, and transcorneal mechanistic studies of ophthalmic lyophilized cyclosporine-loaded polymeric micelles.
Article in International journal of nanomedicine, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed.
- Dry Eye Disease: From Mechanisms to Management and Future Directions.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- From design to Deployment: The innovative role of nanomicelles in targeted ophthalmic therapeutics.Materials today. Bio · 2025Review
- Nanomedicine-Based Ophthalmic Drug Delivery Systems for the Treatment of Ocular Diseases.International journal of nanomedicine · 2025Review
- Cyclosporine a in the treatment of dry eye disease: a narrative review.Frontiers in ophthalmology · 2025Review
- Drug-Modified Contact Lenses-Properties, Release Kinetics, and Stability of Active Substances with Particular Emphasis on Cyclosporine A: A Review.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Overview of Recent Advances in Nano-Based Ocular Drug Delivery.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- New Nanoparticle Formulation for Cyclosporin A: In Vitro Assessment.Pharmaceutics · 2021Article
- Nanotechnology for the Treatment of Allergic Conjunctival Diseases.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- Recent Advances in the Design of Topical Ophthalmic Delivery Systems in the Treatment of Ocular Surface Inflammation and Their Biopharmaceutical Evaluation.Pharmaceutics · 2020Review
- Preparation and study of two kinds of ophthalmic nano-preparations of everolimus.Drug delivery · 2019Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionCyclosporine-A (CsA) is generally used as an immunosuppressant and is also prescribed for some ophthalmic applications such as vernal keratoconjunctivitis and dry eye. However, it is limited clinically due to its low aqueous solubility and ocular bioavailability.
methodsIn this work, lyophilized methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(lactide) (mPEG-PLA) polymer micelles were prepared for ophthalmic formulations as a promising nanocarrier for hydrophobic drugs like CsA. A mPEG-PLA diblock polymer was synthesized by ring opening polymerization and CsA was loaded into mPEG-PLA micelles by a simple film dispersion method. A uniform design of experiments was utilized to optimize the final formulation. The obtained formulation was characterized for diameter (57.0±3.2 nm), entrapment efficiency % (98.51±1.4), and in vitro release. Moreover, incorporating the stabilizer mPEG2000 could increase the in vitro stability of the lyophilized CsA-loaded mPEG-PLA micelles.
resultsResults showed a sustained release of CsA from the micelles. Drug concentration and time-dependent cytotoxicity of human corneal epithelial-2 cells was observed. Additionally, the transcorneal mechanism of mPEG-PLA micelles was studied and the results showed that the mPEG-PLA micelles mainly absorbed by a paracellular pathway via corneal epithelial cells.
conclusionTaken together, the results proved that this mPEG-PLA diblock polymer can be potentially used as a nanoscopic carrier to deliver hydrophobic drugs in a controlled manner to the ocular region and, thus, deserves further attention.
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