ArticleLiver transplantation : official publication of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases and the International Liver Transplantation Society2019
Frequency and Outcomes of Abnormal Imaging in Patients With Cirrhosis Enrolled in a Hepatocellular Carcinoma Surveillance Program.
Article in Liver transplantation : official publication of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases and the International Liver Transplantation Society, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
44 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 64 citations in OpenAlex.
- HCC surveillance improves early detection, curative treatment receipt, and survival in patients with cirrhosis: A meta-analysis.Journal of hepatology · 2022Pooled it
- Systematic review: radiomics for the diagnosis and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma.Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics · 2021Pooled it
- Hepatocellular carcinoma surveillance may be associated with potential psychological harms in patients with cirrhosis.Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) · 2024Trial
- Risk-stratified surveillance for hepatocellular carcinoma.Hepatology communications · 2026Review
- Psychosocial impact of false-positive surveillance for hepatocellular carcinoma: a qualitative study.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2026Article
- Effectiveness of noncontrast-abbreviated magnetic resonance imaging in a real-world hepatocellular carcinoma surveillance.European radiology · 2025Article
- Combining CEUS and CT/MRI LI-RADS major imaging features: diagnostic accuracy for classification of indeterminate liver observations in patients at risk for HCC.Abdominal radiology (New York) · 2025Article
- Timing and Method of Patient-Provider Communication for Abnormal Hepatocellular Carcinoma Screening Results in Cirrhosis.JCO clinical cancer informatics · 2025Article
- Patient-Perceived Risk of Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Net Benefit of Surveillance: A Multicenter Survey Study.The American journal of gastroenterology · 2025Article
- Combination of CT/MRI LI-RADS With Second-Line Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound Using Sulfur Hexafluoride or Perfluorobutane for Diagnosing Hepatocellular Carcinoma in High-Risk Patients.Korean journal of radiology · 2025Article
- Timing of Liver Imaging Result Release Is Associated with Patients with Cirrhosis Reviewing Results Prior to Providers.Applied clinical informatics · 2025Article
- Persisting challenges in the early detection of hepatocellular carcinoma.Expert review of anticancer therapy · 2025Review
- Cost-Effectiveness of a Biomarker-Based Screening Strategy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Patients with Cirrhosis.Liver cancer · 2024Article
- Cost-effectiveness of a precision hepatocellular carcinoma surveillance strategy in patients with cirrhosis.EClinicalMedicine · 2024Article
- Review
- Hepatocellular Carcinoma from a Hepatologist's Perspective.Seminars in interventional radiology · 2023Review
- Diagnosis and management of indeterminate liver nodules in patients with cirrhosis.Clinical liver disease · 2023Article
- Benefits and harms of screening for hepatocellular carcinoma in high-risk populations: systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of the National Cancer Center · 2023Article
- Correlation of LI-RADS 3 or 4 Observations with Histopathologic Diagnosis in Patients with Cirrhosis.Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association · 2023Article
- Risk of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Patients With Indeterminate (LI-RADS 3) Liver Observations.Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
There are limited data on the downstream effects of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) surveillance, including the frequency of false-positive results. We aimed to quantify the incidence of indeterminate nodules (INs) and the follow-up testing needed to resolve these findings among patients enrolled in a structured HCC surveillance program. We retrospectively analyzed adult patients with cirrhosis enrolled in a structured HCC surveillance program in a large tertiary care center. Outcomes included surveillance benefits, defined as early HCC detection, and harm, defined as INs prompting additional diagnostic evaluation. Among 999 patients followed for a median of 2.2 years, HCC surveillance imaging was consistently completed every 6, 9, and 12 months in 46%, 51%, and 68% of patients, respectively. Of 256 (25.6%) patients with abnormal imaging, 69 (27.0%) were diagnosed with HCC and 187 (73.0%) with INs. Most HCC (n = 54, 78.3%) were found within Milan criteria. Among those with an IN, 78.1% returned to ultrasound surveillance after a median of 2 (interquartile range [IQR], 1-3) negative computed tomography (CT)/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans, and 21.9% continued CT/MRI imaging (median, 1; IQR, 1-2). Eleven patients underwent diagnostic liver biopsy. Hypoalbuminemia, thrombocytopenia, and larger nodule size were independently associated with HCC diagnosis. In conclusion, 1 in 4 patients enrolled in an HCC surveillance program had abnormal surveillance imaging, but three-fourths of the lesions were INs, resulting in downstream harm. Improved risk-stratification tools are needed to identify nodules that are benign to reduce follow-up diagnostic evaluation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.