ArticleFrontiers in immunology2018
Neuroprotective Effects of Ginsenoside-Rg1 Against Depression-Like Behaviors via Suppressing Glial Activation, Synaptic Deficits, and Neuronal Apoptosis in Rats.
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It has been retracted, and should not be counted. Cited by 56 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
56 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 111 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy of ginsenoside Rg1 on rodent models of depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Psychopharmacology · 2025Pooled it
- Integrating UHPLC-MS, Network Pharmacology, and Molecular Docking techniques to explore the neuroprotective effect of Mirificin.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Article
- Promising Antidepressant Potential: The Role of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG in Mental Health and Stress Response.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2025Article
- Dynamic effects of sleep deprivation on emotional behavior, circadian rhythm genes, and inflammatory infiltration in the medial prefrontal cortex.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2025Article
- Gut microbiota dysbiosis induces neuroinflammation in major depressive disorders: mechanisms targeting the gut-brain axis.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Review
- Ginsenoside Rg1 in Parkinson's disease: from basic research to clinical applications.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
- Ginsenoside Rg1: A Neuroprotective Natural Dammarane-Type Triterpenoid Saponin With Anti-Depressive Properties.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2024Review
- Therapeutic potential and possible mechanisms of ginseng for depression associated with COVID-19.Inflammopharmacology · 2024Review
- Mechanistic insights into the anti-depressant effect of curcumin based on network pharmacology and experimental validation.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2024Article
- Electroacupuncture alleviated depression-like behaviors in ventromedial prefrontal cortex of chronic unpredictable mild stress-induced rats: Increasing synaptic transmission and phosphorylating dopamine transporter.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2023Article
- Ginsenoside Rg1 in neurological diseases: From bench to bedside.Acta pharmacologica Sinica · 2023Review
- The Nrf2 Pathway in Depressive Disorders: A Systematic Review of Animal and Human Studies.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Phytochemicals That Act on Synaptic Plasticity as Potential Prophylaxis against Stress-Induced Depressive Disorder.Biomolecules & therapeutics · 2023Review
- Chronic stress-induced apoptosis is mitigated by young mitochondria transplantation in the prefrontal cortex of aged rats.Iranian journal of basic medical sciences · 2023Article
- Ginsenoside Rg1 promotes astrocyte-to-neuron transdifferentiation in rat and its possible mechanism.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2023Article
- History and main research of psychoneuroimmunology in China.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2022Article
- Article
- Hippocampal microRNA-26a-3p deficit contributes to neuroinflammation and behavioral disorders via p38 MAPK signaling pathway in rats.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2022Article
- Neuropharmacological Effects of Terpenoids on Preclinical Animal Models of Psychiatric Disorders: A Review.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- New Therapeutic Approaches to and Mechanisms of Ginsenoside Rg1 against Neurological Diseases.Cells · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
- Retraction · 2024-06-02Concerns/Issues about Image · Investigation by Journal/Publisher · Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions ·
- Retracted
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Depression is considered a neuropsychiatric disease associated with various neuronal changes within specific brain regions. We previously reported that ginsenoside-Rg1, a potential neuroprotective agent extracted from ginseng, significantly alleviated depressive-like disorders induced by chronic stress in rats. However, the mechanisms by which ginsenoside-Rg1 exerts its neuroprotective effects in depression remain largely uncharacterized. In the present study we confirm that ginsenoside-Rg1 significantly prevented the antidepressant-like effects in a rat model of chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) and report on some of the underlying mechanisms associated with this effect. Specifically, we found that chronic pretreatment with ginsenoside-Rg1 prior to stress exposure significantly suppressed inflammatory pathway activity via alleviating the overexpression of proinflammatory cytokines and the activation of microglia and astrocytes. These effects were accompanied with an attenuation of dendritic spine and synaptic deficits as associated with an upregulation of synaptic-related proteins in the ventral medial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC). In addition, ginsenoside-Rg1 inhibited neuronal apoptosis induced by CUMS exposure, increased Bcl-2 expression and decreased cleaved Caspase-3 and Caspase-9 expression within the vmPFC region. Furthermore, ginsenoside-Rg1 could increase the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2) expression and inhibit p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p-p38 MAPK) and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) p65 subunit activation within the vmPFC. Taken together, these results suggest that the neuroprotective effects of ginsenoside-Rg1, which may assume the antidepressant-like effect in this animal model of depression, appears to result from amelioration of a CUMS-dependent neuronal deterioration within the vmPFC. Moreover, they also provide support for the therapeutic potential of ginsenoside-Rg1 in the treatment of stress-related mental disorders.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.