ReviewMediators of inflammation2018
Approach to Neonates and Young Infants with Fever without a Source Who Are at Risk for Severe Bacterial Infection.
Review in Mediators of inflammation, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Transcript host-RNA signatures to discriminate bacterial and viral infections in febrile children.Pediatric research · 2022Pooled it
- Isolation ofMicroorganisms · 2026Article
- A 13-year cohort study using clinical machine learning to differentiate bacterial and viral infections in young infants in a dengue hyperendemic region.Journal of tropical pediatrics · 2026Article
- Can general purpose large language models assist pediatricians in predicting infants with serious bacterial infection?BMC medical informatics and decision making · 2025Article
- Infants < 90 days of age with late-onset sepsis display disturbances of the microbiome-immunity interplay.Infection · 2025Article
- Factors associated with severe bacterial infection in infants between 91- and 120-days old admitted to the pediatric emergency department.BMC pediatrics · 2025Article
- Aspects of triage for infants: a narrative review.European journal of pediatrics · 2025Review
- Scoping review of clinical decision aids in the assessment and management of febrile infants under 90 days of age.BMC pediatrics · 2025Article
- Advances and Challenges in Pediatric Sepsis Diagnosis: Integrating Early Warning Scores and Biomarkers for Improved Prognosis.Biomolecules · 2025Review
- Article
- Occult Serious Bacterial Infections in Neonates and Infants Up to Three Months of Age with Bronchiolitis: Are Invasive Cultures Required?Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Prospective multicenter evaluation of adherence to the Dutch guideline for children aged 0-16 years with fever without a source-febrile illness in children (FINCH) study.European journal of pediatrics · 2024Observational
- Conundrums in the Management of Febrile Infants under Three Months of Age and Future Research.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Biomarkers for Serious Bacterial Infections in Febrile Children.Biomolecules · 2024Review
- Point-of-care ultrasound in early diagnosis and monitoring of deep abscess in newborns: a case report of two cases.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2024Article
- Predictors of bacteremia in febrile infants under 3 months old in the pediatric emergency department.BMC pediatrics · 2023Article
- Serious Bacterial Infections in Preterm Infants: Should Their Age Be "Corrected"?Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Article
- Management of Pediatric Urinary Tract Infections: A Delphi Study.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- COVID-19 Infection in Well-Appearing 30- to 90-Day-Old Infants with Fever without a Source.Journal of tropical pediatrics · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionAmong neonates and infants <3 months of age with fever without a source (FWS), 5% to 15% of cases are patients with fever caused by a serious bacterial infection (SBI). To favour the differentiation between low- and high-risk infants, several algorithms based on analytical and clinical parameters have been developed. The aim of this review is to describe the management of young infants with FWS and to discuss the impact of recent knowledge regarding FWS management on clinical practice. MATERIALS AND
methodsPubMed was used to search for all of the studies published over the last 35 years using the keywords: "fever without source" or "fever of unknown origin" or "meningitis" or "sepsis" or "urinary tract infection" and "neonate" or "newborn" or "infant <90 days of life" or "infant <3 months". RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: The selection of neonates and young infants who are <3 months old with FWS who are at risk for SBI remains a problem without a definitive solution. The old Rochester criteria remain effective for identifying young infants between 29 and 60 days old who do not have severe bacterial infections (SBIs). However, the addition of laboratory tests such as C-reactive protein (CRP) and procalcitonin (PCT) can significantly improve the identification of children with SBI. The approach in evaluating neonates is significantly more complicated, as their risk of SBIs, including bacteremia and meningitis, remains relevant and none of the suggested approaches can reduce the risk of dramatic mistakes. In both groups, the best antibiotic must be carefully selected considering the clinical findings, the laboratory data, the changing epidemiology, and increasing antibiotic resistance of the most common infectious bacteria.
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