ArticleHypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979)2019
Prevalence of Apparent Treatment-Resistant Hypertension in the United States.
Article in Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979), 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05744986 (The Systemic Effects of Transcatheter Renal Artery Sympathetic Denervation Using a Second- Generation Radiofrequency Ablation Catheter), which is not on this map. Cited by 133 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
The Systemic Effects of Transcatheter Renal Artery Sympathetic Denervation Using a Second- Generation Radiofrequency Ablation Catheter: A Multicenter Observational Study.
Who cites it
133 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 206 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence of and associated factors for resistant hypertension in primary care settings: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC public health · 2026Pooled it
- The Japanese Society of Hypertension Guidelines for the management of elevated blood pressure and hypertension 2025 (JSH2025).Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2026Guideline
- The role of renal denervation for the treatment of hypertension in patients with chronic kidney disease: a position paper of the Italian Society of Nephrology.Journal of nephrology · 2025Guideline
- Efficacy and Safety of Lorundrostat in Uncontrolled and/or Treatment Resistant Hypertension: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.High blood pressure & cardiovascular prevention : the official journal of the Italian Society of Hypertension · 2025Pooled it
- Investigation and management of resistant hypertension: British and Irish Hypertension Society position statement.Journal of human hypertension · 2025Guideline
- Systematic Review Article: New Drug Strategies for Treating Resistant Hypertension-the Importance of a Mechanistic, Personalized Approach.High blood pressure & cardiovascular prevention : the official journal of the Italian Society of Hypertension · 2024Pooled it
- Association between obstructive sleep apnea and resistant hypertension: systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in medicine · 2023Pooled it
- A Randomized, Multicenter, Double-blind, Placebo-Controlled Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of a Quadruple Combination of Amlodipine, Losartan, Rosuvastatin, and Ezetimibe in Patients with Concomitant Essential Hypertension and Dyslipidemia.American journal of cardiovascular drugs : drugs, devices, and other interventions · 2023Trial
- Efficacy of a digital therapeutics system in the management of essential hypertension: the HERB-DH1 pivotal trial.European heart journal · 2021Trial
- Prevalence and clinical outcomes of patients with apparent treatment-resistant hypertension enrolled in Phase 2 cardiac rehabilitation.Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) · 2020Trial
- Incidence, prevalence, and predictors of treatment-resistant hypertension with intensive blood pressure lowering.Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) · 2019Trial
- Efficacy and safety of lorundrostat in uncontrolled hypertension: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2026Article
- Aldosterone synthase inhibitors for the treatment of cardiovascular disease.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2026Review
- Factors Associated with Hyperkalemia in Chronic Kidney Disease: Insights from a Cohort with Measured Glomerular Filtration Rate.American journal of nephrology · 2026Article
- Renal Denervation in Cardiovascular Diseases: Mechanisms, Evidence, and Expanding Applications.Catheterization and cardiovascular interventions : official journal of the Society for Cardiac Angiography & Interventions · 2026Review
- Importance of Hypercortisolism in BP Control, Cardiovascular Risk and in Patients With Difficult-to-Control Hypertension: An Overview for Primary Care Physicians.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Review
- Pannexin 1 phosphorylation sites differentially modulate channel activity and physiological outcomes.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Leveraging the Electronic Health Record to Identify and Manage Resistant Hypertension.Current hypertension reports · 2026Review
- A Diagnostic Pitfall of Primary Aldosteronism Presenting as Recurrent Quadriparesis: A Case Report.Clinical case reports · 2026Article
- Contemporary Prevalence and Treatment Patterns Among US Adults With Apparent Treatment-Resistant Hypertension.Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2026Article
73 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
In 2018, the American Heart Association published a Scientific Statement on resistant hypertension. We compared the prevalence of apparent treatment-resistant hypertension (aTRH) among US adults as defined in the 2018 and 2008 American Heart Association Scientific Statements using data from 4158 participants with hypertension, taking antihypertensive medication in the 2009 to 2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Blood pressure (BP) was measured 3 times, and antihypertensive medication classes were identified through a pill bottle review. In both Scientific Statements, aTRH was defined as uncontrolled BP while taking ≥3 classes of antihypertensive medication or taking ≥4 classes of antihypertensive medication regardless of BP level. Uncontrolled BP was defined as systolic/diastolic BP ≥140/90 mm Hg (≥130/80 mm Hg for those with diabetes mellitus or chronic kidney disease) in the 2008 Scientific Statement and systolic/diastolic BP ≥130/80 mm Hg (systolic BP ≥130 mm Hg only for low-risk adults ≥65 years of age) in the 2018 Scientific Statement. The prevalence of aTRH was 17.7% and 19.7% according to the 2008 and 2018 Scientific Statement definitions, respectively (Δ=2.0%; 95% CI, 1.5%-2.7%). Overall, 10.3 million US adults had aTRH according to the 2018 Scientific Statement. The most common 3-drug combination taken included an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, β-blocker, and thiazide diuretic. Using the 2018 definition, 3.2% of US adults with aTRH were taking a thiazide-like diuretic (chlorthalidone or indapamide), and 9.0% were taking a mineralocorticoid receptor blocker (spironolactone or eplerenone). In conclusion, the prevalence of aTRH is only modestly higher using the definition in the 2018 versus 2008 resistant hypertension Scientific Statement.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.