Trial reportThe British journal of dermatology2019
A randomized controlled proof-of-concept trial of digoxin and furosemide in adults with cutaneous warts.
Trial report in The British journal of dermatology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02333643 (A Phase 2, Randomized, Vehicle-Controlled, Double-Blind, Study to Evaluate Efficacy and Safety of Topical Ionic Contra-viral Therapy), which is not on this map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Phase 2, Randomized, Vehicle-Controlled, Double-Blind, Study to Evaluate Efficacy and Safety of Topical Ionic Contra-viral Therapy (ICVT) Comprised of CLS003 in Cutaneous Warts
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Efficacy and Safety of Ionic Contra-viral Therapy (Digoxin-furosemide) in the Treatment of Multiple Cutaneous Warts: A Systematic Review, Meta-analysis, and Trial Sequential Analysis.Current drug research reviews · 2026Pooled it
- Intralesional combined digoxin and furosemide versus intralesional 5-flurouracil for the treatment of recalcitrant plantar warts: a prospective, randomized study.Archives of dermatological research · 2024Trial
- Results of phase 2 trials exploring the safety and efficacy of omiganan in patients with human papillomavirus-induced genital lesions.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2020Trial
- Efficacy and safety of digoxin/furosemide for cutaneous warts: a systematic review and meta-analysis of eight randomized controlled trials.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2026Article
- Repurposing of NKA inhibitors ('cardiac glycosides'): a critical analysis.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Review
- Article
- New uses for an old remedy: Digoxin as a potential treatment for steatohepatitis and other disorders.World journal of gastroenterology · 2023Review
- Verrucae pedis in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis and other paediatric rheumatic diseases: a cross-sectional study.Journal of foot and ankle research · 2022Article
- Management of Difficult-to-Treat Warts: Traditional and New Approaches.American journal of clinical dermatology · 2021Review
- Is Inhaled Furosemide a Potential Therapeutic for COVID-19?The American journal of the medical sciences · 2020Review
- Blueprint for mechanistic, data-rich early phase clinical pharmacology studies in dermatology.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2020Article
- Mobile e-diary application facilitates the monitoring of patient-reported outcomes and a high treatment adherence for clinical trials in dermatology.Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundTopical ionic contraviral therapy (ICVT) with digoxin and furosemide inhibits the potassium influx on which DNA viruses rely for replication. Therefore, ICVT was hypothesized to be a potential novel treatment for cutaneous warts.
objectivesTo assess the clinical efficacy, safety and tolerability of ICVT in adults with cutaneous warts. The secondary objective was to gain insight into the underlying working mechanism of ICVT.
methodsTreatment with ICVT was assessed for efficacy, safety and tolerability in a single- centre, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase IIA trial. Eighty adult patients with at least two cutaneous warts (plantar or common) were randomized to one of four treatments: digoxin + furosemide (0·125%), digoxin (0·125%), furosemide (0·125%) or placebo. The gel was administered once daily for 42 consecutive days. Predefined statistical analysis was performed with a mixed-model ancova. The trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov with number NCT02333643.
resultsWart size and human papillomavirus (HPV) load reduction was achieved in all active treatment groups. A statistically significant reduction in wart diameter of all treated warts was shown in the digoxin + furosemide treatment group vs. placebo (-3·0 mm, 95% confidence interval -4·9 to -1·1, P = 0·002). There was a statistically significant reduction in the HPV load of all treated warts in the digoxin + furosemide group vs. placebo (-94%, 95% confidence interval -100 to -19, P = 0·03). With wart size reduction, histologically and immunohistochemically defined viral characteristics disappeared from partial and total responding warts.
conclusionsThis study demonstrates the proof of concept for the efficacy of topical ICVT in adults with cutaneous warts.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.