ArticleBMJ open2018
Anaemia among primary care patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and chronic kidney disease (CKD): a multicentred cross-sectional study.
Article in BMJ open, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Risk Factors for Anemia in Patients with Chronic Renal Failure: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Ethiopian journal of health sciences · 2020Pooled it
- Review
- Factors associated with anemia in chronic kidney disease in the Brazilian population: national health survey.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Sex- and Stage-Specific Predictors of Anemia in Chronic Kidney Disease: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Hematological Parameters Among Adult Patients Diagnosed With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus at Jimma University Medical Center, Jimma, Southwest, Ethiopia.Advances in hematology · 2025Article
- Observational
- Clinical features of anemia in membranous nephropathy patients: a Chinese cohort study.Renal failure · 2023Article
- Prevalence of anemia and its associated factors among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in a referral diabetic clinic in the north of Iran.BMC endocrine disorders · 2023Article
- The worsening effect of anemia on left ventricular function and global strain in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients: a 3.0 T CMR feature tracking study.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2023Article
- Global Prevalence of Anemia Among Type 2 Diabetic Adult Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2023Review
- Prevalence and Associated Factors of Anemia Among Hospital Admitted Patients in Eastern Ethiopia.Journal of blood medicine · 2023Article
- Article
- New Approaches to Diabetic Nephropathy from Bed to Bench.Biomedicines · 2022Review
- Narrative Review of the Relationship Between CKD and Diabetic Foot Ulcer.Kidney international reports · 2022Review
- Study on Influencing Factors of Frailty in Elderly Patients with Type II Diabetes.Journal of healthcare engineering · 2022Article
- Prevalence of anemia and associated factors among adult diabetic patients attending Bale zone hospitals, South-East Ethiopia.PloS one · 2022Article
- Article
- A clinical audit of the diagnosis and management of chronic kidney disease in a primary care clinic.Malaysian family physician : the official journal of the Academy of Family Physicians of Malaysia · 2021Article
- Anemia among Men in Malaysia: A Population-Based Survey in 2019.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Diabetic Wound-Healing Science.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2021Review
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
objectivesThis study aimed to determine the prevalence of anaemia among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) at primary care settings and its associated factors. DESIGN, SETTING AND
participantsThis cross-sectional study involved 808 adult patients with T2DM and CKD who were recruited via systematic sampling from 20 public primary care clinics in Peninsular Malaysia. Their sociodemographic, clinical and biomedical profiles were collected through interviews, examination of medical records and blood testing.
resultsThe prevalence of anaemia was 31.7% (256/808). The anaemia was mainly mild (61.5%) and normocytic normochromic (58.7%). About 88.7% of the patients with anaemia were not known to have anaemia prior to the study. Among 36 patients with documented history of anaemia, 80.6% were still anaemic, and only a half received iron therapy. Multivariate regression analysis showed that women (adjusted odd ratio (AOR): 1.57, 95% CI: 1.12 to 2.21, p=0.009) and those with older age (AOR: 1.04, 95% CI: 1.01 to 1.06, p<0.001), CKD stage 3a (AOR: 2.47; 95% CI: 1.25 to 4.87, p=0.009), CKD stage 3b (AOR: 4.36; 95% CI: 2.14 to 8.85, p<0.001), CKD stage 4 (AOR: 10.12; 95% CI: 4.36 to 23.47, p<0.001), CKD stage 5 (AOR: 10.80; 95% CI: 3.32 to 35.11, p<0.001) and foot complication (AOR 3.12, 95% CI: 1.51 to 6.46, p=0.002) were more likely to have anaemia. Having higher body mass index (AOR 0.95, 95% CI: 0.92 to 0.99, p=0.012) and higher diastolic blood pressure (AOR 0.97, 95% CI: 0.95 to 0.99, p<0.001) were associated with lower odds to have anaemia.
conclusionAnaemia among patients with T2DM and CKD in primary care was common, and the majority was unrecognised. Inadequate treatment of anaemia was also prevalent. Therefore, screening of anaemia should be incorporated into the routine assessment of diabetic complications particularly for those with significant associated factors. It is hoped that such strategy could lead to early treatment and hence improve their overall care. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NMRR-15-660-24324.
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