ReviewEuropean respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society2018
Acute exacerbations of progressive-fibrosing interstitial lung diseases.
Review in European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 106 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
106 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 174 citations in OpenAlex.
- BAL lymphocytosis as a predictive marker for drug response and long-term outcome in fibrotic ILD: systematic review.BMJ open respiratory research · 2026Pooled it
- The Impact of Corticosteroids on Mortality in Acute Exacerbations of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: A Meta-Analysis.Advances in respiratory medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Prognosis of Lung Transplantation in Patients with Acute Exacerbations of Interstitial Lung Disease: A Meta-Analysis Based on Cohort Studies.Annals of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery : official journal of the Association of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgeons of Asia · 2024Pooled it
- The impact of air pollution on interstitial lung disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in medicine · 2023Pooled it
- Design of the MERCURION-IPF trial - intravenous immunoglobulin for the treatment of acute exacerbations of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Trial
- Efficacy of recombinant thrombomodulin for poor prognostic cases of acute exacerbation in idiopathic interstitial pneumonia: secondary analysis of the SETUP trial.BMJ open respiratory research · 2020Trial
- Left Ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction in Patients with Interstitial Lung Disease-A Potential Treatable Trait.Advances in respiratory medicine · 2026Article
- Prevalence and Prognostic Impact of Progressive Pulmonary Fibrosis.Tuberculosis and respiratory diseases · 2026Review
- Mortality and diagnostic practice variation in interstitial lung disease admissions: insights from a multicentre UK cohort study.BMJ open respiratory research · 2026Article
- Health care utilization and costs associated with acute exacerbation of fibrosing interstitial lung disease in the United States: A retrospective administrative claims database analysis.Journal of managed care & specialty pharmacy · 2026Article
- Computed tomography imaging features of major pulmonary and extrapulmonary complications of fibrotic lung diseases.Einstein (Sao Paulo, Brazil) · 2026Review
- The 30-second sit-to-stand test as predictor of daily physical activity during acute exacerbation in patients with interstitial lung disease.ERJ open research · 2026Article
- Association Between Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms and Disease Susceptibility, Survival, and Acute Exacerbation in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis.Respirology (Carlton, Vic.) · 2026Observational
- A novel, non-spirometric "BMP index" for predicting severe adverse outcomes in fibrosing interstitial lung diseases.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors and Interstitial Lung Disease: A Disproportionality Analysis Using the European Post-marketing EudraVigilance Database.Drugs - real world outcomes · 2025Article
- Prognostic Value of the TAPSE/PASP Ratio in Lung Transplant Candidates With Advanced Interstitial Lung Disease.Pulmonary circulation · 2025Article
- Intravenous Immunoglobulin in Acute Exacerbations of Fibrotic Interstitial Lung Diseases: A Retrospective, Real-World Study.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Observational
- Article
- Incidence of diffuse parenchymal lung disease in patients meeting the Berlin definition of acute respiratory distress syndrome on mechanical ventilation.ERJ open research · 2025Article
- Pulmonary Complications in Connective Tissue Disease-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease.The clinical respiratory journal · 2025Review
46 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 11 institutions in 6 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Acute exacerbation of interstitial lung disease (ILD) is associated with a poor prognosis and high mortality. Numerous studies have documented acute exacerbation in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), but less is known about these events in other ILDs that may present a progressive-fibrosing phenotype. We propose defining acute exacerbation as an acute, clinically significant respiratory deterioration, typically less than 1 month in duration, together with computerised tomography imaging showing new bilateral glass opacity and/or consolidation superimposed on a background pattern consistent with fibrosing ILDs. Drawing on observations in IPF, it is suspected that epithelial injury or proliferation and autoimmunity are risk factors for acute exacerbation in ILDs that may present a progressive-fibrosing phenotype, but further studies are required. Current acute exacerbation management strategies are based on recommendations in IPF, but no randomised controlled trials of acute exacerbation management have been performed. Although there are no formal strategies to prevent the development of acute exacerbation, possible approaches include antifibrotic drugs (such as nintedanib and pirfenidone), and minimising exposure to infection, airborne irritants and pollutants. This review discusses the current knowledge of acute exacerbation of ILDs that may present a progressive-fibrosing phenotype and acknowledges limitations of the data available.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.