ArticleBMC veterinary research2018
Development of a novel oil-in-water emulsion and evaluation of its potential adjuvant function in a swine influenza vaccine in mice.
Article in BMC veterinary research, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Development of a nano-emulsion and evaluation of its intradermal adjuvant function of Swine Influenza H3N2 Vaccine.Virology journal · 2026Article
- Emerging novel methodologies to understand and strategically target long-lived plasma cells in vaccine design to induce durable immunity.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Nanoadjuvants: Promising Bioinspired and Biomimetic Approaches in Vaccine Innovation.ACS omega · 2023Review
- Optimizing animal models of autoimmune encephalitis using active immunization.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Antitumoral effect of local injection of TLR-9 agonist emulsified in Lipiodol with systemic anti-PD-1 in a murine model of colorectal carcinoma.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Identification and analysis of B cell epitopes of hemagglutinin of H1N1 influenza virus.Archives of microbiology · 2022Article
- Advances in Infectious Disease Vaccine Adjuvants.Vaccines · 2022Review
- Different Methods and Formulations of Drugs and Vaccines for Nasal Administration.Pharmaceutics · 2022Review
- Chimeric virus-like particles presenting tumour-associated MUC1 epitope result in high titers of specific IgG antibodies in the presence of squalene oil-in-water adjuvant: towards safe cancer immunotherapy.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2022Article
- Squalene in oil-based adjuvant improves the immunogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 RBD and confirms safety in animal models.PloS one · 2022Article
- Nanoemulsions: Formulation, characterization, biological fate, and potential role against COVID-19 and other viral outbreaks.Colloid and interface science communications · 2021Review
- Chitosan, alginate, hyaluronic acid, gums, and β-glucan as potent adjuvants and vaccine delivery systems for viral threats including SARS-CoV-2: A review.International journal of biological macromolecules · 2021Review
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundVaccination is the principal strategy for prevention and control of diseases, and adjuvant use is an effective strategy to enhance vaccine efficacy. Traditional mineral oil-based adjuvants have been reported with post-immunization reactions. Developing new adjuvant formulations with improved potency and safety will be of great value.
resultsIn the study reported herein, a novel oil-in-water (O/W) Emulsion Adjuvant containing Squalane (termed EAS) was developed, characterized and investigated for swine influenza virus immunization. The data show that EAS is a homogeneous nanoemulsion with small particle size (~ 105 nm), low viscosity (2.04 ± 0.24 cP at 20 °C), excellent stability (at least 24 months at 4 °C) and low toxicity. EAS-adjuvanted H3N2 swine influenza vaccine was administrated in mice subcutaneously to assess the adjuvant potency of EAS. The results demonstrated that in mice EAS-adjuvanted vaccine induced significantly higher titers of hemagglutination inhibition (HI) and IgG antibodies than water-in-oil (W/O) vaccines or antigen alone, respectively, at day 42 post vaccination (dpv) (P < 0.05). EAS-adjuvanted vaccine elicited significantly stronger IgG1 and IgG2a antibodies and higher concentrations of Th1 (IFN-γ and IL-2) cytokines compared to the W/O vaccine or antigen alone. Mice immunized with EAS-adjuvanted influenza vaccine conferred potent protection after homologous challenge.
conclusionThe O/W emulsion EAS developed in the present work induced potent humoral and cellular immune responses against inactivated swine influenza virus, conferred effective protection after homologous virus challenge and showed low toxicity in mice, indicating that EAS is as good as the commercial adjuvant MF59. The superiority of EAS to the conventional W/O formulation in adjuvant activity, safety and stability will make it a potential veterinary adjuvant.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.