Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30576637›Full record

ArticleContraception2019

One-year continuation of postpartum intrauterine contraceptive device: findings from a retrospective cohort study in India.

Somesh Kumar, Ashish Srivastava, Surendra Sharma, Vivek Yadav, Atul Mittal, Young-Mi Kim, Angela Nash-Mercado, Sijmen A Reijneveld, Bulbul Sood

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In one paragraph

Article in Contraception, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Somesh KumarJhpiego, an affiliate of Johns Hopkins University; University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Department of Health Sciences.
Ashish SrivastavaJhpiego, an affiliate of Johns Hopkins University. Electronic address: asheishsrivastava@gmail.com.
Surendra SharmaJhpiego, an affiliate of Johns Hopkins University.
Vivek YadavJhpiego, an affiliate of Johns Hopkins University.
Atul MittalJhpiego, an affiliate of Johns Hopkins University.
Young-Mi KimJhpiego, an affiliate of Johns Hopkins University.
Angela Nash-MercadoJhpiego, an affiliate of Johns Hopkins University.
Sijmen A ReijneveldUniversity Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Department of Health Sciences.
Bulbul SoodJhpiego, an affiliate of Johns Hopkins University.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo evaluate outcomes of a national postpartum (within 48 h of delivery) copper intrauterine device placement (PPCuIUD) program in six "high-focus states" with high unmet family planning need in India. STUDY

designWe identified high-volume district hospitals that provided PPCuIUD in six (Bihar, Jharkhand, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh) Indian states (two per state). Each selected hospital maintained a list of PPCuIUD acceptors with contact phone numbers. We randomly selected 100 women at each site for inclusion in a telephone survey of IUD outcomes at 1 year. Questions regarded IUD expulsion, discontinuation because of symptoms (e.g., pain, bleeding, discharge), discontinuation for other reasons and use of alternative contraception if discontinuation reported.

resultsWe could contact 844 of the 1200 randomly selected women, of whom 673 (79.7%) had postplacental insertion (within 10 min of delivery), while 171 (20.3%) had an early postpartum insertion (between 10 min to 48 h after delivery). Of those contacted, 530 women (62.8%) reported continuing with the method beyond 1 year, 63 (7.5%) reported having an expulsion, 163 (19.3%) reported having removals for associated side effects (bleeding, pain and discharge), and 88 (10.4%) reported having removals for other reasons. After removal or expulsion, almost half of the women (46.5%) did not switch to any other modern contraceptive method.

conclusionPPCuIUD continuation rate at 1 year was 62.8%. Most removals within 1 year were due to associated side effects. Almost half of the women discontinuing PPCuIUD did not switch to an alternative modern contraceptive method. IMPLICATIONS: The 1-year continuation rate of PPCuIUD achieved through a large-scale national program in India is satisfactory. The program though needs to address the low uptake of other modern contraceptive methods after discontinuation.

Indexed as

AdultFemaleHumansIndiaIntrauterine Device ExpulsionIntrauterine Devices, CopperPostpartum PeriodRetrospective StudiesFamily planningIntrauterine contraceptive deviceLong acting reversible contraceptivesPostpartum

Identifiers

PMID30576637
PMCPMC6467543

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.