ArticleNutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD2019
High prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and metabolic risk factors in Guatemala: A population-based study.
Article in Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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16 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Safety and Efficacy of Eflornithine in Patients with Gastric Precancerous Lesions: A Double-Blinded, Randomized Clinical Trial.Cancer prevention research (Philadelphia, Pa.) · 2026Trial
- Nutritional Status and Dietary Intakes of a Community of Rural Women in Bárcena Villa Nueva, Guatemala: A Small-Scale Observational Study.Nutrients · 2026Observational
- High Seroprevalence ofGastroenterology research · 2025Article
- Variability and social patterning of cancer mortality in 343 Latin American cities: an ecological study.The Lancet. Global health · 2025Article
- Circulating bile acid concentrations and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in Guatemala.Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics · 2022Article
- Frequency of the PNPLA3 rs738409 polymorphism and other genetic loci for liver disease in a Guatemalan adult population.Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver · 2022Article
- Assessing the Validity of Normalizing Aflatoxin BToxins · 2022Article
- Associations between aflatoxin BHealth science reports · 2022Article
- Article
- THIRSTY FOR FRUCTOSE: Arginine Vasopressin, Fructose, and the Pathogenesis of Metabolic and Renal Disease.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2022Review
- B-vitamins and metabolic syndrome in Mesoamerican children and their adult parents.Public health nutrition · 2021Article
- Aflatoxin and the Etiology of Liver Cancer and Its Implications for Guatemala.World mycotoxin journal · 2021Article
- Associations between Helicobacter pylori with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and other metabolic conditions in Guatemala.Helicobacter · 2020Article
- Analysis ofHealth science reports · 2020Article
- Impact of Glucoraphanin-Mediated Activation of Nrf2 on Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease with a Focus on Mitochondrial Dysfunction.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Review
- Prevalence of NAFLD in Guatemala following exposure to a protein-energy nutrition intervention in early life.Annals of hepatologyArticle
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThere are no data on the prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in general population samples in Guatemala or in other Central American countries. The prevalence and distribution of NAFLD and its associated risk factors were evaluated in a population-based sample of adults in Guatemala.
methodsCross-sectional study of 411 men and women 40 years of age or older residing in urban and rural areas of Guatemala. Metabolic outcomes included obesity, central obesity, hypercholesterolemia, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome (MetS). Liver disease outcomes included elevated liver enzymes, elevated Fatty Liver Index (FLI), and elevated FIB-4 score.
resultsThe overall prevalence of obesity, central obesity, diabetes, and MetS were 30.9, 74.3, 21.6, and 64.2%, respectively. The fully-adjusted prevalence ratios (95% CI) for obesity, central obesity, diabetes, and MetS comparing women to men were 2.83 (1.86-4.30), 1.72 (1.46-2.02), 1.18 (1.03-1.34), and 1.87 (1.53-2.29), respectively. The overall prevalence of elevated liver enzymes (ALT or AST), elevated FLI, and elevated FIB-4 scores were 38.4, 60.1, and 4.1%, respectively. The fully-adjusted prevalence ratios (95% CI) for elevated liver enzymes (either ALT or AST) and elevated FLI score comparing women to men were 2.99 (1.84-4.86) and 1.47 (1.18-1.84), respectively.
conclusionsThe prevalence of metabolic abnormalities and liver outcomes in this general population study was very high. The prevalence of metabolic and liver abnormalities was particularly high among women, an observation that could explain the atypical 1:1 male to female ratio of liver cancer in Guatemala.
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