ArticleMolecules (Basel, Switzerland)2018
Microneedle-Assisted Percutaneous Delivery of Paeoniflorin-Loaded Ethosomes.
Article in Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- Potential of the Nano-Encapsulation of Antioxidant Molecules in Wound Healing Applications: An Innovative Strategy to Enhance the Bio-Profile.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Pooled it
- Celastrol-Loaded Liposomal Hydrogel Microneedles for Safe and Effective Treatment of Psoriasis.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- Ethosome-Based Transdermal Drug Delivery: Its Structural Components, Preparation Techniques, and Therapeutic Applications Across Metabolic, Chronic, and Oncological Conditions.Pharmaceutics · 2025Review
- Comparative Evaluation of Nano-Assemblies From Shaoyao Gancao Decoction on Paeoniflorin Bioavailability.International journal of nanomedicine · 2025Article
- Microneedle-Assisted Transfersomes as a Transdermal Delivery System for Aspirin.Pharmaceutics · 2023Article
- Going below and beyond the surface: Microneedle structure, materials, drugs, fabrication, and applications for wound healing and tissue regeneration.Bioactive materials · 2023Review
- Promising Strategies for Transdermal Delivery of Arthritis Drugs: Microneedle Systems.Pharmaceutics · 2022Review
- Recent Advances of Microneedles and Their Application in Disease Treatment.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Lipid-Based Nanovesicular Drug Delivery Systems.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Ultraflexible Liposome Nanocargo as a Dermal and Transdermal Drug Delivery System.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Microneedle Arrays Combined with Nanomedicine Approaches for Transdermal Delivery of Therapeutics.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Review
- Trends in Atopic Dermatitis-From Standard Pharmacotherapy to Novel Drug Delivery Systems.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Review
- Acid-Treated Water-Soluble Chitosan Suitable for Microneedle-Assisted Intracutaneous Drug Delivery.Pharmaceutics · 2019Article
- Essential Oils and Isolated Terpenes in Nanosystems Designed for Topical Administration: A Review.Biomolecules · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Paeoniflorin, the main component of total glucosides of paeony (TGP), shows good therapeutic effects in arthritis, but has low bioavailability when administered orally. Avoiding such a deficiency for topical administration would expand its clinical application. This study aimed to avoid these limitations by using nanotechnology (ethosomes) and a physical approach (microneedles). Paeoniflorin-loaded ethosomal formulation (TGP-E) was optimized and evaluated in terms of entrapment efficiency (EE), particle size (PS), zeta potential (ZP), polydispersity index (PDI) and morphology. TGP-E was prepared by the hot injection method and optimized by single-factor tests and an orthogonal experimental design. The optimized paeoniflorin-loaded ethosomes had EE of 27.82 ± 1.56%, PS of 137.9 ± 7.57 nm with PDI of 0.120 ± 0.005, ZP of -0.74 ± 0.43 mV. Ethosomes showed a nearly spherical shape under the transmission electron microscope (TEM). The optimal microneedle-assisted (MN-assisted) conditions were obtained at a microneedle length of 500 μm, a pressure of 3 N and an action time of 3 min. The cumulative penetration amounts (
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.