Observational studyMedicine2018
Increased serum levels of MIC1/GDF15 correlated with bone erosion in spondyloarthritis: A pilot study.
Observational study in Medicine, 2018. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Growth differentiation factor 15: from stress response to clinical utility in chronic liver diseases.Journal of gastroenterology · 2026Review
- GDF15 induces excessive activation of osteoclasts within the vertebral endplates leading to early endplate degeneration.JCI insight · 2026Article
- Growth/Differentiation Factor 15 Promotes a Pro-Regenerative Response in Chondrocytes Upon Cartilage Injury.MedComm · 2025Article
- Upregulated GDF-15 in Ankylosing Spondylitis: Pathologic Ossification Promotion through Ligament Fibroblast Osteogenic Differentiation.ACR open rheumatology · 2025Article
- Molecular insights into the relationship between sustained CRP elevation and endothelial dysfunction in axial spondyloarthritis.RMD open · 2025Article
- Growth differentiation factor-15 serum concentrations reflect disease severity and anemia in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.World journal of gastroenterology · 2024Article
- Review
- Epicardial adipose tissue thickness and growth differentiation factor 15 in axial spondyloarthritis: A cross-sectional study.Saudi medical journal · 2022Article
- Pathophysiological pathways related to high plasma growth differentiation factor 15 concentrations in patients with heart failure.European journal of heart failure · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionTo assess the association between growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF15) and radiographic features including bone marrow edema and bone erosion in Spondyloarthritis (SpA).
methodsPatients with SpA (n = 120) receiving treatment in the Guangdong General Hospital, China, between August 2012 and December 2016 were retrospectively included. Serum of patients and healthy controls (n = 30) were collected and GDF15 levels were measured using ELISA. Inflammation was assessed by C-reactive protein (CRP), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the sacroiliac joint using Spondyloarthritis Research Consortium of Canada score and a method of dichotomy to assess fat metaplasia, bone erosion, and ankylosis. Radiographs of the pelvis were scored using the modified New York (mNY) score.
resultsSerum GDF15 levels were higher in SpA patients compared to controls (503.52 ± 222.92 vs. 190.86 ± 104.18 pg/mL, P < .0001). Patients who suffered from bone erosion on MRI had higher levels of GDF15 (525.72 [186.33, 801.62]vs. 428.06 [255.15, 670.98] pg/mL, P = .0375). There was a positive correlation between serum GDF15 and CRP (r = 0.5442, P < .0001). Moreover, GDF15 levels were related to CRP levels (r = 0.5658, P < .0001) in those X-ray scores were III, according to 1984mNY criteria. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis showed that GDF15 levels above 501.98pg/mL could predict presence of bone erosion on MRI.
conclusionThe present study suggested that serum GDF15 levels are higher in SpA patients than in healthy controls. The GDF15 level was correlated with CRP and may be a surrogate biomarker in bone erosion.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.