ArticleAmerican journal of public health2019
Police-Related Correlates of Client-Perpetrated Violence Among Female Sex Workers in Baltimore City, Maryland.
Article in American journal of public health, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 46 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
46 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Psychosocial factors associated with overdose subsequent to Illicit Drug use: a systematic review and narrative synthesis.Harm reduction journal · 2024Pooled it
- Interventions to improve health and the determinants of health among sex workers in high-income countries: a systematic review.The Lancet. Public health · 2023Pooled it
- Client-Perpetrated Violence Experience Among Female Sex Worker in Guangdong, South China: Results from a Cross-Sectional Study.AIDS and behavior · 2023Trial
- Policing as a social determinant of health in three decades of public health research: A systematic review.SSM - population health · 2025Review
- Exploring Perceptions and Experiences of Health Needs Among Women Who Sell Sex.Archives of sexual behavior · 2025Article
- Severity of post-traumatic stress and non-medical, concomitant opioid and benzodiazepine use in a sample of women at high risk of overdose.International journal of mental health and addiction · 2025Article
- PrEP facilitators and barriers in substance use bridge clinics for women who engage in sex work and who use drugs.Addiction science & clinical practice · 2024Article
- The impact of policing and homelessness on violence experienced by women who sell sex in London: a modelling study.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Correlates of Client-Perpetrated Violence Against Female Sex Workers in Bogotá.Violence against women · 2024Article
- Police Harassment and Violence Against Transgender & Gender Diverse Sex Workers in the United States.Journal of homosexuality · 2024Article
- Prevalence of violence victimisation and poly-victimisation among female sex workers in Haiphong, Viet Nam: A cross-sectional study.Global public health · 2024Article
- Understanding the social and structural context of oral PrEP delivery: an ethnography exploring barriers and facilitators impacting transgender women who engage in street-based sex work in Baltimore, Maryland.AIDS research and therapy · 2023Article
- Communicative appeals and messaging frames in visual media for HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis promotion to cisgender and transgender women.Culture, health & sexuality · 2023Article
- Experiences of Sex Workers in Chicago during COVID-19: A Qualitative Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Mental health and HIV risk differs by co-occurring structural vulnerabilities among women who sell sex.AIDS care · 2023Article
- Criminalization and coercion: sexual encounters with police among a longitudinal cohort of women who exchange sex in Baltimore, Maryland.Harm reduction journal · 2023Article
- The Effect of Systemic Racism and Homophobia on Police Enforcement and Sexual and Emotional Violence among Sex Workers in East London: Findings from a Cohort Study.Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine · 2022Article
- Effect of police enforcement and extreme social inequalities on violence and mental health among women who sell sex: findings from a cohort study in London, UK.Sexually transmitted infections · 2022Article
- Co-occurring Threats to Agency Among Female Sex Workers in Baltimore, Maryland.Journal of interpersonal violence · 2022Article
- Mapping Interests in Event-Driven and Long-Acting Pre-exposure Prophylaxis Formulations onto the HIV Risk Environment of Street-Based Female Sex Workers: A Latent Class Analysis.AIDS and behavior · 2022Article
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Funding
Abstract
objectivesTo characterize interactions that female sex workers (FSWs) have with the police and explore associations with client-perpetrated violence.
methodsBaseline data were collected April 2016 to January 2017 from 250 FSWs from the Sex Workers and Police Promoting Health in Risky Environments (SAPPHIRE) study based in Baltimore, Maryland. Interviewer-administered questionnaires captured different patrol or enforcement and abusive police encounters, experiences of client-perpetrated violence, and other risk factors, including drug use. We conducted bivariate and multivariable analysis in Stata/SE version 14.2 (StataCorp LP, College Station, TX).
resultsOf participants, 78% reported lifetime abusive police encounters, 41% reported daily or weekly encounters of any type. In the previous 3 months, 22% experienced client-perpetrated violence. Heroin users (70% of participants) reported more abusive encounters (2.5 vs 1.6; P < .001) and more client-perpetrated violence (26% vs 12%; P = .02) than others. In multivariable analysis, each additional type of abusive interaction was associated with 1.3 times (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.1, 1.5) increased odds of client-perpetrated violence. For patrol or enforcement encounters, this value was 1.3 (95% CI = 1.0, 1.7).
conclusionsFrequent exposures to abusive police practices appear to contribute to an environment where client-perpetrated violence is regularly experienced. For FSWs who inject drugs, police exposure and client-perpetrated violence appear amplified. Public Health Implications. Structural interventions that address police-FSW interactions will help alleviate police's negative impact on FSWs' work environment.
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