Evidence map›Paper›PMID 30569080›Full record

ReviewThe journal of prevention of Alzheimer's disease2019

Revisiting the Cholinergic Hypothesis in Alzheimer's Disease: Emerging Evidence from Translational and Clinical Research.

H Hampel, M-M Mesulam, A C Cuello, A S Khachaturian, A Vergallo, M R Farlow, P J Snyder, E Giacobini, Z S Khachaturian

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in The journal of prevention of Alzheimer's disease, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 173 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
173citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

173 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Trial
  4. Trial
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Review
  8. Neuroprotective properties ofIBRO neuroscience reports · 2026
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Is Alzheimer's an Autoimmune Disease?Molecular neurobiology · 2026
    Review
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Mitochondrial Resilience in Glaucoma: Targeting NADDiseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Article

113 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

H HampelHarald Hampel, MD, PhD, MA, MSc, AXA Research Fund and Sorbonne University Chair, Sorbonne University, Department of Neurology, Institute of Memory and Alzheimer's Disease (IM2A), Brain and Spine Institute (ICM), François Lhermitte Building, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, 47 Boulevard de l'hôpital, 75651 Paris CEDEX 13, France, Phone: +33 1 57 27 44 81, Fax: +33 1 42 16 75 16, E-mail: harald.hampel@med.uni-muenchen.de.
M-M Mesulam
A C Cuello
A S Khachaturian
A Vergallo
M R Farlow
P J Snyder
E Giacobini
Z S Khachaturian

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Scientific evidence collected over the past 4 decades suggests that a loss of cholinergic innervation in the cerebral cortex of patients with Alzheimer's disease is an early pathogenic event correlated with cognitive impairment. This evidence led to the formulation of the "Cholinergic Hypothesis of AD" and the development of cholinesterase inhibitor therapies. Although approved only as symptomatic therapies, recent studies suggest that long-term use of these drugs may also have disease-modifying benefits. A Cholinergic System Workgroup reassessed the role of the cholinergic system on AD pathogenesis in light of recent data, including neuroimaging data charting the progression of neurodegeneration in the cholinergic system and suggesting that cholinergic therapy may slow brain atrophy. Other pathways that contribute to cholinergic synaptic loss and their effect on cognitive impairment in AD were also reviewed. These studies indicate that the cholinergic system as one of several interacting systems failures that contribute to AD pathogenesis.

Indexed as

Alzheimer DiseaseTranslational Research, BiomedicalAgingBrainCholinergic AgentsCholinergic NeuronsCognitive DysfunctionDementiaHumansCholinergic AgentsAlzheimer’s diseasebasal forebrain cholinergic system atrophycholinergic systemcholinesterase inhibitorsnerve growth factornucleus basalis of Meynert (NbM) degeneration

Identifiers

PMID30569080
PMCPMC12280792

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.