ArticleJournal of cancer research and clinical oncology2019
Identification of genes and pathways, including the CXCL2 axis, altered by DNA methylation in hepatocellular carcinoma.
Article in Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- CXCL2 is associated with IL-6/JAK2/STAT3 signaling and the immune microenvironment in lung squamous cell carcinoma.Functional & integrative genomics · 2026Article
- Chemokines: Orchestration of the Tumor Microenvironment and Control of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Progression.Cancer medicine · 2025Review
- Germline predisposition in multiple myeloma.iScience · 2025Article
- Comprehensive review and updated analysis of DNA methylation in hepatocellular carcinoma: From basic research to clinical application.Clinical and translational medicine · 2024Review
- Biological impact and therapeutic implication of tumor-associated macrophages in hepatocellular carcinoma.Cell death & disease · 2024Review
- Macrophage Inflammatory Proteins (MIPs) Contribute to Malignant Potential of Colorectal Polyps and Modulate Likelihood of Cancerization Associated with Standard Risk Factors.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Review
- Insights into the role of nucleotide methylation in metabolic-associated fatty liver disease.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- A comprehensive bioinformatics analysis to identify potential prognostic biomarkers among CC and CXC chemokines in breast cancer.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Expression levels of chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligands CXCL1 and CXCL3 as prognostic biomarkers in rectal adenocarcinoma: evidence from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) analyses.Bioengineered · 2021Article
- MyD88 in Macrophages Enhances Liver Fibrosis by Activation of NLRP3 Inflammasome in HSCs.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Tumor-Associated Macrophages in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Friend or Foe?Gut and liver · 2021Review
- Role of chemokines in hepatocellular carcinoma (Review).Oncology reports · 2021Review
- An inter-correlation among chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand (CXCL) 1, CXCL2 and CXCL8, and their diversified potential as biomarkers for tumor features and survival profiles in non-small cell lung cancer patients.Translational cancer research · 2021Article
- Increased expression of CXCL2 in ACPA-positive rheumatoid arthritis and its role in osteoclastogenesis.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2021Article
- Association between the rs9131 and rs3806792 polymorphisms of the CXCL2 gene and the risk of HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma in a Guangxi population.Journal of clinical laboratory analysis · 2020Article
- Identification of biomarkers of clear cell renal cell carcinoma by bioinformatics analysis.Medicine · 2020Article
- An Inflammation-Immunity Classifier of 11 Chemokines for Prediction of Overall Survival in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2019Article
- Hub Genes and Key Pathway Identification in Colorectal Cancer Based on Bioinformatic Analysis.BioMed research international · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
purposeRecent genetic studies have suggested that tumor suppressor genes are often silenced during carcinogenesis via epigenetic modification caused by methylation of promoter CpG islands. Here, we characterized genes inactivated by DNA methylation in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) to identify the genes and pathways involved in DNA methylation in hepatocellular carcinoma.
methodsEight HCC-derived cell lines were treated with a DNA demethylating agent, 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine. Additionally, 100 pairs of primary HCC and adjacent non-cancerous tissues as well as 15 normal liver tissues were analyzed by comprehensive gene expression analysis using microarrays. Moreover, gene set enrichment analysis identified the major molecular pathways associated with DNA methylation. Validation of gene expression and DNA methylation status was performed by real-time PCR after bisulfite modification.
resultsWe showed that CXCL2, an immune-related chemokine, expression was significantly downregulated in tumor tissues and also significantly upregulated by DAC treatment in cell lines. Furthermore, we observed a statistically significant difference in methylation status between normal liver tissues and tumor tissues (P < 0.05). In addition, tumors with higher CXCL2 expression included significantly more numbers of multiple tumors than the lower expression group.
conclusionsWe identified CXCL2, an immune-related chemokine, decreased in hepatocellular carcinoma and the regulation mechanism may be controlled by methylation. Further studies should be warranted to examine if and to what extent the gene is actually suppressed by methylation and if there is a possibility that the CXCL2 axis plays a role for diagnosis and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.
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